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(de)",""],["Q2172<\/a>","VLR","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Voluntary Local Review (de)",""],["Q2173<\/a>","VOC","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","volatile organic compounds (de)",""],["Q2175<\/a>","VOD","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Vegetation Optical Depth (de)",""],["Q2176<\/a>","VPD","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","vapour pressure deficit (de)",""],["Q2177<\/a>","VSLS","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","very short-lived halogenated species (de)",""],["Q913<\/a>","VaR","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Value at Risk (de)",""],["Q2174<\/a>","VoCC","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Velocity of Climate Change (de)",""],["Q922<\/a>","W","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Western (de)",""],["Q2178<\/a>","WAF","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Western Africa (de)",""],["Q2180<\/a>","WAIS","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","West Antarctic Ice Sheet (de)",""],["Q2181<\/a>","WAN","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","West Antarctica (de)",""],["Q2182<\/a>","WASCAL","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management (de)",""],["Q2183<\/a>","WASH","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (de)",""],["Q2179<\/a>","WAfriM","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","West African monsoon (de)",""],["Q2184<\/a>","WBC","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","western boundary current (de)",""],["Q2185<\/a>","WBCSD","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Business Council on Sustainable Development (de)",""],["Q2186<\/a>","WBD","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Waterborne Disease (de)",""],["Q2187<\/a>","WBGT","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","wet bulb globe temperature (de)",""],["Q2188<\/a>","WC","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Walker circulation (de)",""],["Q2189<\/a>","WCA","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","West Central Asia (de)",""],["Q2190<\/a>","WCE","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Western Central Europe (de)",""],["Q2191<\/a>","WCRP","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Climate Research Programme (de)",""],["Q2192<\/a>","WEF","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Economic Forum (de)",""],["Q2193<\/a>","WEFN","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","water-energy-food nexus (de)",""],["Q2194<\/a>","WEMA","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Water Efficient Maize for Africa (de)",""],["Q2195<\/a>","WEO","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Energy Outlook (de)",""],["Q2196<\/a>","WEU","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Western Europe (de)",""],["Q2197<\/a>","WFP","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Food Programme (de)",""],["Q2198<\/a>","WG","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Working Group (de)",""],["Q2199<\/a>","WGI","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Working Group I (de)",""],["Q2200<\/a>","WGII","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Working Group II (de)",""],["Q2201<\/a>","WGIII","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Working Group III (de)",""],["Q2202<\/a>","WGWDGD","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Wet Get Wetter, Dry Get Drier (de)",""],["Q2203<\/a>","WHO","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Health Organization (de)",""],["Q2204<\/a>","WHP","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","waste heat to power (de)",""],["Q2205<\/a>","WIM","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Warsaw International Mechanism (de)",""],["Q2207<\/a>","WMGHG","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","well-mixed greenhouse gas (de)",""],["Q2208<\/a>","WMO","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Meteorological Organization (de)",""],["Q2209<\/a>","WNA","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Western North America (de)",""],["Q2210<\/a>","WNF","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","West Nile Fever (de)",""],["Q2211<\/a>","WNP","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Western North Pacific (de)",""],["Q2212<\/a>","WOA18","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Ocean Atlas 2018 (de)",""],["Q2213<\/a>","WRAP","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Waste and Resources Action Programme (de)",""],["Q2214<\/a>","WSAA","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Water Services Association of Australia (de)",""],["Q2215<\/a>","WSAF","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","West Southern Africa (de)",""],["Q2216<\/a>","WSB","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Wilkes Subglacial Basin (de)",""],["Q2217<\/a>","WSI","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Water Scarcity Index (de)",""],["Q2218<\/a>","WSUD","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Water Sensitive Urban Design (de)",""],["Q2219<\/a>","WTO","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Trade Organization (de)",""],["Q2220<\/a>","WTP","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","willingness to pay (de)",""],["Q2221<\/a>","WTTC","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Travel&Tourism Council (de)",""],["Q2222<\/a>","WTU","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Water Treatment Unit (de)",""],["Q2223<\/a>","WUE","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","water-use efficiency (de)",""],["Q2224<\/a>","WUI","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Wildland-Urban Interface (de)",""],["Q2225<\/a>","WWF","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","World Wildlife Fund (de)",""],["Q2206<\/a>","Wm-2","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Watts per square meter (de)",""],["Q2226<\/a>","YCS","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Yield Constraint Score (de)",""],["Q2227<\/a>","YJ","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","yottajoule, 10^24 joules (de)",""],["Q2228<\/a>","YLD","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Years of Life Lived with Disability (de)",""],["Q2229<\/a>","YLL","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Years of Life Lost (de)",""],["Q2230<\/a>","ZEC","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","zero emissions commitment (de)",""],["Q2231<\/a>","ZEV","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","zero emission vehicle (de)",""],["Q2232<\/a>","ZJ","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","zettajoule, 10^21 joules (de)",""],["Q2235<\/a>","ablation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of removing snow, ice, or rock from a glacier or other frozen body by melting, sublimation, or calving. (de)",""],["Q18<\/a>","about as likely as not","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","33\u201366% probability (Indicates the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result) (de)",""],["Q26<\/a>","abrupt change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A significant change that happens in a relatively short time period, often affecting climate or ecological systems suddenly and dramatically. (de)",""],["Q27<\/a>","abrupt climate change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A rapid and significant change in the climate system that occurs over a short period, causing substantial impacts on natural and human systems. (de)",""],["Q949<\/a>","abrupt4xCO2","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Scenario with abrupt quadrupling of the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (de)",""],["Q2236<\/a>","acceptability of policy or system change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The degree to which proposed policies or changes in systems are considered favorable or acceptable by stakeholders and the general public. (de)",""],["Q30<\/a>","access to modern energy services","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ability to obtain modern energy services, including electricity and clean cooking facilities, which are essential for economic development and well-being. (de)",""],["Q31<\/a>","acclimatisation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The physiological or behavioral adjustments that organisms make in response to changes in their environment to maintain performance across a range of environmental conditions. (de)",""],["Q32<\/a>","accumulation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The accumulation of substances such as snow, ice, or sediment in a natural environment. (de)",""],["Q2237<\/a>","active layer","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The layer of ground that is subject to annual freeze-thaw cycles in permafrost regions, affecting soil structure and ecosystem processes. (de)",""],["Q34<\/a>","acute food insecurity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A condition where food availability is severely reduced, leading to an urgent need for food aid to prevent hunger and malnutrition. (de)",""],["Q35<\/a>","adaptation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of adjusting to actual or expected climate and its effects, in order to moderate harm or exploit beneficial opportunities. (de)",""],["Q37<\/a>","adaptation behaviour","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ways in which individuals or communities change their behaviors to cope with or benefit from climate impacts. (de)",""],["Q38<\/a>","adaptation deficit","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The gap between the level of adaptation that is currently achieved and the level that is needed to avert or minimize the negative impacts of climate change. (de)",""],["Q36<\/a>","adaptation fund","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A fund established to finance adaptation projects and programs in developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. (de)",""],["Q39<\/a>","adaptation gap","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The difference between the current level of adaptation and the level required to adequately address the impacts of climate change. (de)",""],["Q40<\/a>","adaptation limits","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The limitations that prevent effective adaptation, which may be physical, economic, social, or technological. (de)",""],["Q41<\/a>","adaptation needs","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The specific requirements that must be met for effective adaptation to take place, addressing vulnerabilities and enhancing resilience. (de)",""],["Q42<\/a>","adaptation opportunity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The potential benefits or opportunities that arise from taking action to adapt to climate change. (de)",""],["Q43<\/a>","adaptation options","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The various actions or strategies available to mitigate the impacts of climate change and enhance resilience. (de)",""],["Q44<\/a>","adaptation pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The sequences of actions or strategies that can be implemented over time to adapt to changing climatic conditions. (de)",""],["Q45<\/a>","adaptive capacity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The capacity of individuals, communities, or systems to adjust to potential damage, take advantage of opportunities, or respond to consequences. (de)",""],["Q46<\/a>","adaptive governance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A governance approach that emphasizes flexibility, learning, and collaboration across different levels of government and stakeholders. (de)",""],["Q47<\/a>","adaptive management","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A management strategy that allows for learning and adaptation in response to changes and uncertainties. (de)",""],["Q48<\/a>","added value","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The additional benefits or improvements that a project or policy brings beyond its primary objectives. (de)",""],["Q49<\/a>","additionality","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The concept that a project or intervention should provide benefits that would not have occurred without it. (de)",""],["Q50<\/a>","adjustments","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The changes or modifications made to policies, practices, or systems to improve performance or outcomes. (de)",""],["Q51<\/a>","advection","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The horizontal movement of air or water due to atmospheric or oceanic conditions. (de)",""],["Q52<\/a>","adverse side-effect","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An unintended negative consequence that arises from a policy or action intended to produce a different benefit. (de)",""],["Q53<\/a>","aerosol","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Tiny solid or liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere, which can affect climate and human health. (de)",""],["Q55<\/a>","aerosol effective radiative forcing","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The net change in the energy balance of the Earth's atmosphere due to aerosols, affecting climate. (de)",""],["Q56<\/a>","aerosol optical depth","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A measure of the extent to which aerosols prevent sunlight from reaching the Earth's surface. (de)",""],["Q54<\/a>","aerosol--cloud interaction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The interactions between aerosols and cloud formation, which can influence weather patterns and climate. (de)",""],["Q57<\/a>","aerosol--radiation interaction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The interactions between aerosols and radiation, influencing climate through scattering or absorbing sunlight. (de)",""],["Q2238<\/a>","afforestation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The establishment of forests in areas where there were no previous tree cover, as a method of carbon sequestration and environmental restoration. (de)",""],["Q59<\/a>","agreement","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A formal arrangement between two or more parties, often to achieve mutual goals or resolve issues. (de)",""],["Q60<\/a>","agricultural and ecological drought","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Drought conditions that affect agricultural productivity and ecological health, leading to food and water shortages. (de)",""],["Q61<\/a>","agriculture forestry and other land use","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Land use practices involving agriculture, forestry, and other land uses that can impact the environment and climate. (de)",""],["Q62<\/a>","agroecology","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A sustainable farming approach that integrates ecological principles with agricultural practices. (de)",""],["Q63<\/a>","agroforestry","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A land management practice that integrates trees and shrubs into agricultural systems for environmental and economic benefits. (de)",""],["Q2239<\/a>","air mass","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A large body of air with uniform temperature and humidity characteristics. (de)",""],["Q65<\/a>","air pollution","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The presence of pollutants in the air, which can harm human health and the environment. (de)",""],["Q66<\/a>","airborne fraction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The proportion of emitted CO2 that remains in the atmosphere rather than being absorbed by oceans or land. (de)",""],["Q67<\/a>","albedo","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The reflectivity of a surface, with high albedo surfaces reflecting more sunlight and low albedo surfaces absorbing more. (de)",""],["Q68<\/a>","alkalinity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The capacity of a solution to neutralize acids, often used to measure the buffering capacity of seawater against ocean acidification. (de)",""],["Q2240<\/a>","altimetry","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The measurement of changes in surface height, often used in monitoring sea level and ice sheet dynamics. (de)",""],["Q70<\/a>","annular modes","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Climate patterns characterized by large-scale high-pressure systems that influence weather patterns over weeks to months. (de)",""],["Q71<\/a>","anomaly","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A deviation from the long-term average value of a climate variable, such as temperature or precipitation. (de)",""],["Q72<\/a>","antarctic ice sheet","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A massive ice sheet covering Antarctica, containing the majority of the Earth's fresh water. (de)",""],["Q73<\/a>","anthropocene","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A proposed geological epoch that highlights the significant global impact of human activities on the Earth's geology and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q74<\/a>","anthropogenic","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Originating from human activity, such as emissions from fossil fuel combustion, deforestation, and industrial processes. (de)",""],["Q75<\/a>","anthropogenic emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Emissions of greenhouse gases or other pollutants that result from human activities. (de)",""],["Q76<\/a>","anthropogenic removals","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process by which human activities remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere, often through land use practices like reforestation. (de)",""],["Q77<\/a>","anthropogenic subsidence","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The gradual sinking of land due to human activities such as groundwater extraction or oil drilling. (de)",""],["Q2241<\/a>","apparent hydrological sensitivity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The apparent sensitivity of a hydrological system to changes in climate or other environmental conditions. (de)",""],["Q2242<\/a>","arctic oscillation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A climate pattern characterized by shifting atmospheric pressure and temperature patterns in the Arctic, affecting global weather. (de)",""],["Q2243<\/a>","arid zone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A climate zone characterized by very low precipitation and high evaporation rates, leading to desert-like conditions. (de)",""],["Q81<\/a>","aridity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A measure of the dryness of an environment, often used to assess drought conditions. (de)",""],["Q2244<\/a>","artificial ocean upwelling","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A geoengineering technique that involves bringing nutrient-rich deep ocean water to the surface to stimulate marine productivity and carbon sequestration. (de)",""],["Q83<\/a>","assets","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The valuable resources, capabilities, and attributes that contribute to the wealth and well-being of an individual, community, or organization. (de)",""],["Q84<\/a>","atlantic meridional mode","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A climate pattern characterized by temperature and precipitation variations in the Atlantic Ocean, affecting weather and climate globally. (de)",""],["Q85<\/a>","atlantic meridional overturning circulation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A large-scale ocean circulation system in the Atlantic Ocean that plays a key role in regulating climate. (de)",""],["Q86<\/a>","atlantic multi-decadal oscillation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A climate pattern in the Atlantic Ocean that oscillates over several decades, influencing global weather patterns. (de)",""],["Q87<\/a>","atlantic multi-decadal variability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Long-term variations in the climate of the Atlantic Ocean that affect global weather and climate. (de)",""],["Q88<\/a>","atlantic zonal mode","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A climate pattern in the Atlantic Ocean characterized by variations in sea surface temperature and atmospheric pressure. (de)",""],["Q89<\/a>","atmosphere","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The layer of gases surrounding the Earth, essential for weather, climate, and supporting life. (de)",""],["Q90<\/a>","atmospheric boundary layer","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The lowest part of the atmosphere, where most weather phenomena occur, influenced by the Earth's surface. (de)",""],["Q91<\/a>","atmospheric rivers","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Narrow regions in the atmosphere that transport large amounts of water vapor from the tropics to higher latitudes, influencing precipitation patterns. (de)",""],["Q92<\/a>","attribution","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of establishing the causes of observed changes or events, often in the context of climate science. (de)",""],["Q2245<\/a>","australian and maritime continent monsoon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A monsoon system affecting Australia and surrounding regions, characterized by seasonal changes in wind and precipitation patterns. (de)",""],["Q94<\/a>","autonomous adaptation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Adaptation that occurs naturally within systems without directed intervention, often as a result of evolutionary processes. (de)",""],["Q95<\/a>","autotrophic respiration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The respiration by autotrophs (plants and algae) that releases CO2 into the atmosphere during photosynthesis. (de)",""],["Q96<\/a>","avalanche","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A mass of snow, ice, and debris that rapidly descends a mountainside, often triggered by weather conditions or human activity. (de)",""],["Q97<\/a>","avoid","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The action of preventing or minimizing undesirable outcomes, such as environmental damage or climate change. (de)",""],["Q98<\/a>","basal lubrication","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The reduction of friction at the base of a glacier, which can enhance its flow and contribute to ice loss. (de)",""],["Q99<\/a>","baseline period","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A period used as a reference point for comparison with current conditions, often in climate studies. (de)",""],["Q101<\/a>","baseline scenario","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A hypothetical scenario used as a benchmark to assess the impact of potential changes or interventions. (de)",""],["Q100<\/a>","baseline\/reference, term_baseline\/reference","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The reference point or period against which changes are measured, providing a baseline for analysis. (de), The reference point or period against which changes are measured, providing a baseline for analysis. (en)",""],["Q2246<\/a>","behavioural change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in individual or collective behavior in response to environmental, social, or economic factors. (de)",""],["Q103<\/a>","benthic","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Organisms living on or in the sea floor, often used to indicate the health of marine ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q104<\/a>","benthos","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","",""],["Q105<\/a>","beta diversity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The variety of species within a region, reflecting the ecological health and resilience of an area. (de)",""],["Q106<\/a>","biochar","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A charcoal-like substance produced from biomass, used as a soil amendment and for carbon sequestration. (de)",""],["Q107<\/a>","biochemical oxygen demand","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The amount of oxygen required to decompose organic material in water, an indicator of water quality. (de)",""],["Q108<\/a>","biodiversity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The variety of life forms within an ecosystem, encompassing genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. (de)",""],["Q109<\/a>","biodiversity hotspots","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Regions with exceptionally high levels of biodiversity that are under threat from human activities. (de)",""],["Q110<\/a>","bioenergy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Energy derived from biological sources, such as plants, which can be used as a renewable fuel. (de)",""],["Q111<\/a>","bioenergy with carbon dioxide capture and storage","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A technology that combines bioenergy production with the capture and storage of carbon dioxide emissions. (de)",""],["Q112<\/a>","bioethanol","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A type of biofuel produced from fermented biomass, often used as an alternative to gasoline. (de)",""],["Q113<\/a>","biofuel","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fuel derived from biological materials, offering a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. (de)",""],["Q114<\/a>","biogenic carbon emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Carbon emissions resulting from biological processes, such as plant respiration and decomposition. (de)",""],["Q115<\/a>","biogenic volatile organic compounds","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Organic compounds released by plants that can contribute to atmospheric chemistry and pollution. (de)",""],["Q116<\/a>","biogeophysical potential","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The potential of biological and physical processes to influence the climate and environment. (de)",""],["Q117<\/a>","biological pump","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process by which marine organisms, such as phytoplankton, transport carbon from the surface to the deep ocean. (de)",""],["Q118<\/a>","biomass","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The total mass of living organisms in a given area, often used as a measure of ecosystem productivity. (de)",""],["Q119<\/a>","biomes","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Large naturally occurring communities of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat. (de)",""],["Q120<\/a>","biosphere","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships with the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. (de)",""],["Q121<\/a>","bipolar seesaw","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A climate pattern characterized by opposing temperature changes in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. (de)",""],["Q122<\/a>","black carbon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fine particulate matter emitted from incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels, affecting climate and health. (de)",""],["Q123<\/a>","blocking","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Atmospheric conditions where high-pressure systems block the progression of weather patterns, leading to prolonged extreme events. (de)",""],["Q2247<\/a>","blue carbon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Carbon stored in coastal and marine ecosystems, such as mangroves and seagrasses, contributing to climate mitigation. (de)",""],["Q125<\/a>","blue infrastructure","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Infrastructure that incorporates natural processes and ecosystems to provide services such as water management and climate resilience. (de)",""],["Q2248<\/a>","brewer--dobson circulation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A large-scale atmospheric circulation pattern that influences the distribution of ozone and other trace gases. (de)",""],["Q2249<\/a>","burden","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","biennial update report (de)",""],["Q128<\/a>","business as usual","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A scenario where current trends continue without significant change or intervention, often used in planning and forecasting. (de)",""],["Q2251<\/a>","calcification","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process by which marine organisms, such as corals and mollusks, build calcium carbonate structures. (de)",""],["Q132<\/a>","calving","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process where chunks of ice break off from the edge of a glacier or ice shelf, forming icebergs. (de)",""],["Q133<\/a>","canopy temperature","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The temperature within the layer formed by the leaves and branches of trees or plants, which can differ from air temperature due to shading and transpiration effects. (de)",""],["Q134<\/a>","capacity building","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of developing skills, knowledge, and abilities within individuals, organizations, or societies to effectively address challenges and opportunities. (de)",""],["Q2252<\/a>","carbon budget","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The balance of carbon dioxide emissions and removals (e.g., through sinks like forests) in a specified region or system. (de)",""],["Q137<\/a>","carbon cycle","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The natural process by which carbon is exchanged between the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. (de)",""],["Q138<\/a>","carbon dioxide","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A greenhouse gas that is a primary contributor to global warming, emitted through human activities such as fossil fuel combustion and deforestation. (de)",""],["Q139<\/a>","carbon dioxide fertilisation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The stimulation of plant growth due to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. (de)",""],["Q140<\/a>","carbon dioxide capture and storage","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Technologies and methods for capturing carbon dioxide emissions from industrial processes or power plants and storing it underground to prevent its release into the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q141<\/a>","carbon dioxide capture and utilisation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Technologies and processes that capture carbon dioxide emissions and convert them into useful products or chemicals. (de)",""],["Q142<\/a>","carbon dioxide removal","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Techniques and approaches to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, such as through afforestation or direct air capture technologies. (de)",""],["Q143<\/a>","carbon feedback","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process where changes in the carbon cycle, such as carbon dioxide release or uptake, affect climate variables like temperature and precipitation. (de)",""],["Q144<\/a>","carbon footprint","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The amount of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide, emitted directly or indirectly by human activities. (de)",""],["Q145<\/a>","carbon intensity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The amount of carbon dioxide emitted per unit of economic output or activity. (de)",""],["Q146<\/a>","carbon neutrality","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Achieving a balance between emitted carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere, often through carbon offsets or carbon removal technologies. (de)",""],["Q147<\/a>","carbon price","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The cost imposed on carbon emissions to incentivize reductions and fund climate mitigation efforts. (de)",""],["Q148<\/a>","carbon sequestration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide to mitigate global warming and ocean acidification. (de)",""],["Q149<\/a>","carbon sink","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Natural or artificial reservoirs that absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q150<\/a>","carbon stock","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The amount of carbon stored in vegetation, soil, oceans, and geological formations, which can influence atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. (de)",""],["Q136<\/a>","carbon--climate feedback","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The interactions between carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere and climate processes, which can amplify or dampen climate change. (de)",""],["Q151<\/a>","carbonaceous aerosol","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Tiny airborne particles composed of carbon, which can influence climate by absorbing or reflecting solar radiation. (de)",""],["Q152<\/a>","carbonate pump","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process by which marine organisms use carbonate ions to form calcium carbonate, sequestering carbon in deep ocean layers. (de)",""],["Q153<\/a>","cascading impacts","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The wide-ranging impacts triggered by a single event or change, affecting interconnected systems. (de)",""],["Q2253<\/a>","catchment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The area of land that collects and channels rainfall or snowmelt into streams, rivers, and lakes. (de)",""],["Q2254<\/a>","cenozoic era","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The geological era spanning from 66 million years ago to the present, characterized by the dominance of mammals and birds. (de)",""],["Q156<\/a>","central pacific el ni%C3%B1o","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A type of El Ni\u00f1o event centered in the central Pacific Ocean, which can influence global weather patterns. (de)",""],["Q2255<\/a>","chaotic","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Describes a system that is highly sensitive to initial conditions, making long-term predictions difficult. (de)",""],["Q158<\/a>","charcoal","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A form of carbon formed from the incomplete combustion of biomass, used in soil amendments and filtration. (de)",""],["Q159<\/a>","chlorofluorocarbons","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Chemical compounds once used widely as refrigerants and propellants, known for depleting the ozone layer. (de)",""],["Q160<\/a>","choice architecture","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The design of environments to influence people's behavior towards more beneficial choices, particularly in sustainability. (de)",""],["Q161<\/a>","chronology","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The arrangement of events or dates in the order of their occurrence. (de)",""],["Q162<\/a>","circular economy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An economic system designed to minimize waste and maximize resources, aiming for sustainable production and consumption. (de)",""],["Q163<\/a>","cirrus cloud thinning","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of reducing cirrus cloud cover to counteract global warming by increasing Earth's albedo. (de)",""],["Q164<\/a>","cities","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Urban areas characterized by dense populations, infrastructure, and economic activities. (de)",""],["Q165<\/a>","citizen science","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Scientific research conducted, in whole or in part, by amateur or non-professional scientists, often in collaboration with professional scientists. (de)",""],["Q166<\/a>","city region","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A geographical area consisting of a core city and surrounding municipalities linked by economic, social, and environmental ties. (de)",""],["Q167<\/a>","clathrate","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Ice-like compounds composed of gas molecules trapped within a lattice of water molecules, found in permafrost and deep ocean sediments. (de)",""],["Q168<\/a>","clausius--clapeyron equation\/relationship","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An equation relating the temperature of a phase change to the change in vapor pressure with temperature. (de)",""],["Q169<\/a>","climate","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The long-term average of weather patterns in a particular region, including temperature, precipitation, and wind patterns. (de)",""],["Q171<\/a>","climate change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in global climate patterns attributed directly or indirectly to human activity, particularly in the form of greenhouse gas emissions. (de)",""],["Q172<\/a>","climate change commitment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A commitment to future emissions reductions or climate actions, based on current policies and trajectories. (de)",""],["Q173<\/a>","climate extreme","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Extreme weather or climate events, such as heatwaves, floods, or hurricanes, that significantly deviate from historical norms. (de)",""],["Q174<\/a>","climate feedback","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The response of the climate system to changes or disturbances, which can amplify or mitigate the initial change. (de)",""],["Q175<\/a>","climate feedback parameter","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A parameter describing the strength and direction of feedback loops within the climate system. (de)",""],["Q176<\/a>","climate finance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Financial mechanisms and resources mobilized to address climate change mitigation, adaptation, and resilience. (de)",""],["Q177<\/a>","climate forecast","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Predictions or projections of future climate conditions based on models and data. (de)",""],["Q178<\/a>","climate governance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The governance structures and processes that influence climate policy, decisions, and actions at various levels. (de)",""],["Q179<\/a>","climate index","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A measure or indicator used to assess climate conditions or trends over time. (de)",""],["Q180<\/a>","climate indicator","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Data, knowledge, and assessments related to past, current, and future climate conditions and impacts. (de)",""],["Q181<\/a>","climate information","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","",""],["Q182<\/a>","climate justice","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The concept of addressing climate change impacts and solutions in terms of fairness, equity, and justice. (de)",""],["Q183<\/a>","climate literacy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The understanding and knowledge of climate science, its impacts, and the actions needed to address them. (de)",""],["Q184<\/a>","climate metrics","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Metrics and indicators used to measure and evaluate climate-related factors, impacts, and responses. (de)",""],["Q185<\/a>","climate model","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Mathematical models used to simulate and predict climate behavior based on physical, chemical, and biological processes. (de)",""],["Q186<\/a>","climate pattern","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Patterns or recurring sequences in climate variables such as temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric circulation. (de)",""],["Q187<\/a>","climate prediction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of predicting future climate conditions based on current knowledge, models, and scenarios. (de)",""],["Q188<\/a>","climate projection","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The projection of future climate conditions based on scenarios of greenhouse gas emissions and other factors. (de)",""],["Q189<\/a>","climate refugium","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A geographic area that remains relatively stable and conducive to species survival during periods of climate change. (de)",""],["Q190<\/a>","climate resilient development","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Development pathways that integrate climate change adaptation and resilience into planning and policy. (de)",""],["Q191<\/a>","climate resilient development pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Strategies and actions aimed at ensuring development can withstand and adapt to climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q193<\/a>","climate response","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The overall response of the climate system to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations, emissions, or other factors. (de)",""],["Q194<\/a>","climate sensitivity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The sensitivity of the climate system to changes or disturbances, measured by how much the system responds to a given forcing. (de)",""],["Q195<\/a>","climate services","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Services that provide climate information, predictions, and assessments to support decision-making and planning. (de)",""],["Q196<\/a>","climate simulation ensemble","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A collection of climate model simulations used to account for uncertainties and variability in future climate projections. (de)",""],["Q198<\/a>","climate system","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The interconnected components and processes of the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, land surfaces, and ice masses. (de)",""],["Q199<\/a>","climate threshold","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A critical threshold beyond which abrupt or significant changes in the climate system are expected. (de)",""],["Q200<\/a>","climate variability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The variability in climate conditions over time and space, encompassing short-term fluctuations and long-term trends. (de)",""],["Q201<\/a>","climate velocity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The rate at which climate zones shift in response to climate change, affecting ecosystems and species distributions. (de)",""],["Q170<\/a>","climate--carbon cycle feedback","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The reciprocal interactions between carbon dioxide levels and climate processes, influencing each other's dynamics. (de)",""],["Q192<\/a>","climate-resilient pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Pathways and strategies designed to enhance resilience and adaptation to climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q197<\/a>","climate-smart agriculture","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Agricultural practices that aim to sustainably increase productivity while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to climate change. (de)",""],["Q202<\/a>","climatic driver","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Factors or phenomena that drive changes in climate conditions, such as greenhouse gas emissions or solar radiation. (de)",""],["Q203<\/a>","climatic impact-driver","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Factors or phenomena that are influenced by climate change and in turn affect other aspects of the climate system. (de)",""],["Q204<\/a>","cloud condensation nuclei","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Microscopic particles upon which water vapor condenses to form clouds, influencing cloud properties and climate. (de)",""],["Q205<\/a>","cloud feedback","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The feedback loop in which clouds can either amplify or dampen the effects of climate change by altering the Earth's radiation balance. (de)",""],["Q206<\/a>","cloud radiative effect","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The impact of clouds on the balance of energy in the Earth's atmosphere and surface, affecting climate conditions. (de)",""],["Q207<\/a>","cloud-resolving models","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","High-resolution models used to simulate cloud processes and their effects on weather and climate. (de)",""],["Q208<\/a>","co-benefits","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Additional benefits gained alongside primary goals when implementing actions or policies, often in environmental or social contexts. (de)",""],["Q2250<\/a>","co2 equivalent emission","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A metric that expresses the impact of greenhouse gases in terms of the equivalent amount of CO2 that would produce the same effect. (de)",""],["Q210<\/a>","coastal erosion","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The interface between land and sea, shaped by processes like erosion, sediment transport, and sea level changes. (de)",""],["Q211<\/a>","cold days\/cold nights","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Days or nights with temperatures below normal averages, indicating cooling trends or anomalous weather events. (de)",""],["Q212<\/a>","common era","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The period from the birth of Christ onwards, used as a reference for historical and archaeological dating. (de)",""],["Q213<\/a>","communicable disease","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A disease that can be transmitted from one person to another through direct or indirect means, influenced by environmental factors. (de)",""],["Q214<\/a>","community-based adaptation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Adaptation strategies that involve local communities in planning and decision-making processes to reduce vulnerability to climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q215<\/a>","compatible emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Emissions that are compatible with a specific global temperature goal, considering both mitigation and adaptation efforts. (de)",""],["Q216<\/a>","compound risks","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Risks resulting from the simultaneous occurrence of multiple climate or weather-related events, exacerbating impacts. (de)",""],["Q217<\/a>","compound weather\/climate events","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Events where multiple weather or climate phenomena interact to produce more severe or unusual conditions. (de)",""],["Q218<\/a>","concentrations scenario","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Scenarios describing future concentrations of greenhouse gases and other radiatively active substances, used in climate modeling. (de)",""],["Q219<\/a>","conference of the parties","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The annual meeting where countries that are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change negotiate and implement agreements. (de)",""],["Q220<\/a>","confidence","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The level of certainty or reliability associated with climate projections, observations, or assessments. (de)",""],["Q221<\/a>","conservation agriculture","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Agricultural practices that conserve soil, water, and biodiversity while enhancing productivity and climate resilience. (de)",""],["Q222<\/a>","constant composition commitment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A commitment to stabilize the composition of the atmosphere by reducing greenhouse gas emissions to prevent further climate change. (de)",""],["Q223<\/a>","constant emissions commitment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A commitment to maintain current levels of greenhouse gas emissions indefinitely, without further increases. (de)",""],["Q224<\/a>","consumption-based emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Emissions associated with the consumption of goods and services, including those produced domestically and internationally. (de)",""],["Q225<\/a>","convection","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) due to differences in density and temperature. (de)",""],["Q227<\/a>","coping capacity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ability of individuals, communities, or systems to cope with and adapt to adverse conditions or changes. (de)",""],["Q228<\/a>","coral bleaching","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The phenomenon where coral colonies expel symbiotic algae due to stressors like increased sea temperatures, leading to their whitening. (de)",""],["Q229<\/a>","coral reef","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Diverse ecosystems built from calcium carbonate secreted by coral polyps, which are highly vulnerable to climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q2256<\/a>","cosmogenic radioisotopes","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Radioactive isotopes produced by cosmic rays interacting with the atmosphere or other substances, used for dating geological and archaeological materials. (de)",""],["Q231<\/a>","cost--benefit analysis","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An economic analysis evaluating the costs and benefits of a decision, project, or policy related to climate change. (de)",""],["Q232<\/a>","cost-effectiveness analysis","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An economic analysis evaluating the efficiency of achieving objectives or outcomes in relation to costs incurred, particularly in addressing climate change. (de)",""],["Q233<\/a>","coupled model intercomparison project","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An international effort to coordinate and compare climate model simulations to improve understanding and predictions of climate change. (de)",""],["Q234<\/a>","cryosphere","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The regions of Earth where water exists in solid form, including glaciers, ice caps, and permafrost. (de)",""],["Q235<\/a>","cultural impacts","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The impacts of climate change on cultural heritage, practices, beliefs, and traditions. (de)",""],["Q236<\/a>","cumulative emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The total amount of greenhouse gases emitted over time, which contributes to global climate change. (de)",""],["Q237<\/a>","dansgaard-oeschger events","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Abrupt climate events characterized by rapid temperature changes during the last glacial period. (de)",""],["Q238<\/a>","data assimilation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of incorporating observational data into numerical models to improve predictions and understanding. (de)",""],["Q2257<\/a>","dead zones","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Oxygen-depleted zones in oceans, caused by excessive nutrient pollution, leading to marine life depletion. (de)",""],["Q240<\/a>","decadal predictability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The predictability of climate variations and changes over a decade-long period. (de)",""],["Q241<\/a>","decadal prediction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Predictions of climate conditions over a decade-long period. (de)",""],["Q242<\/a>","decadal variability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Variations in climate patterns occurring over a decade-long period. (de)",""],["Q243<\/a>","decarbonisation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of reducing the carbon intensity of energy systems or economies. (de)",""],["Q244<\/a>","decent living standard","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A standard of living that ensures basic human needs are met sustainably and equitably. (de)",""],["Q245<\/a>","decoupling","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The separation of economic growth from environmental impact, aiming to reduce resource use and pollution. (de)",""],["Q246<\/a>","deep uncertainty","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Uncertainty that cannot be fully characterized, understood, or quantified. (de)",""],["Q247<\/a>","deforestation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The clearing of forests for agriculture, urban development, or logging, leading to habitat loss and carbon dioxide emissions. (de)",""],["Q248<\/a>","deglacial or deglaciation or glacial termination","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of ice sheets or glaciers melting, contributing to rising sea levels during periods of global warming. (de)",""],["Q249<\/a>","deliberate transformations","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Planned and intentional changes or shifts in societal, economic, or environmental systems. (de)",""],["Q250<\/a>","deliberative governance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A form of governance that emphasizes dialogue, engagement, and participation in decision-making processes. (de)",""],["Q252<\/a>","demand- and supply-side measures","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Policies or measures targeting both consumer behavior and production methods to reduce energy consumption and emissions. (de)",""],["Q253<\/a>","demand-side measures","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Policies or measures targeting consumer behavior to reduce energy consumption and emissions. (de)",""],["Q2258<\/a>","desertification","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas due to various factors including climate change. (de)",""],["Q255<\/a>","detection","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of identifying changes in climate variables over time. (de)",""],["Q256<\/a>","detection and attribution","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of identifying changes in climate variables and attributing these changes to specific causes. (de)",""],["Q257<\/a>","developed\/developing countries","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Categories based on economic development levels and income per capita, often used in global economic and climate discussions. (de)",""],["Q258<\/a>","development pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Trajectories or strategies for achieving development goals while considering sustainability and climate impacts. (de)",""],["Q2259<\/a>","diatoms","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Microscopic algae that play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems and carbon cycling. (de)",""],["Q260<\/a>","diet","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The types and quantities of food consumed by individuals or populations. (de)",""],["Q261<\/a>","dimensions of integration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The integration of different aspects or components into a unified whole, particularly in complex systems. (de)",""],["Q262<\/a>","direct air capture","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of capturing carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere and storing it, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas levels. (de)",""],["Q263<\/a>","direct air carbon dioxide capture and storage","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it underground to mitigate climate change. (de)",""],["Q264<\/a>","direct and indirect services","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Services that have a direct impact on human well-being and quality of life. (de)",""],["Q265<\/a>","direct emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Greenhouse gas emissions released directly into the atmosphere from sources like industrial processes and transportation. (de)",""],["Q266<\/a>","disaster","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A sudden, extreme event causing significant damage or loss, often due to natural hazards. (de)",""],["Q267<\/a>","disaster management","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of preparing for, responding to, and recovering from disasters to minimize their impacts. (de)",""],["Q268<\/a>","disaster risk","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The potential adverse effects of hazards on vulnerable elements, including people, property, infrastructure, and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q269<\/a>","disaster risk management","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Strategies and actions to manage disaster risks, aiming to reduce vulnerabilities and enhance resilience. (de)",""],["Q270<\/a>","disaster risk reduction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Long-term reduction of disaster risks through policies, strategies, and actions. (de)",""],["Q271<\/a>","discharge","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The volume of water flowing through a river or stream at a given point. (de)",""],["Q272<\/a>","discounting","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The practice of adjusting future costs and benefits to reflect their present value, often used in economic assessments. (de)",""],["Q937<\/a>","displacement","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The evaluation of potential impacts, positive or negative, of a project or policy. (de)",""],["Q273<\/a>","disruptive innovation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Innovations that significantly alter existing markets or industries. (de)",""],["Q274<\/a>","dissolved inorganic carbon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Carbon dioxide dissolved in seawater as bicarbonate and carbonate ions, affecting ocean acidity and marine life. (de)",""],["Q275<\/a>","distributive equity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fairness in the distribution of resources, benefits, and costs among different groups or individuals. (de)",""],["Q276<\/a>","diurnal temperature range","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The difference between the highest and lowest temperatures recorded in a day. (de)",""],["Q277<\/a>","dobson unit","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A unit measuring the thickness of the ozone layer, used in atmospheric and climate research. (de)",""],["Q278<\/a>","downscaling","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of generating detailed climate information at a local or regional scale from global climate models. (de)",""],["Q279<\/a>","drainage","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The natural or artificial removal of surface water from an area, affecting hydrology and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q2260<\/a>","driver","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Factors or phenomena that drive changes in environmental or climatic conditions. (de)",""],["Q281<\/a>","drought","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A prolonged period of abnormally low precipitation leading to water shortages and environmental stress. (de)",""],["Q282<\/a>","dynamic global vegetation model","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Models that simulate the dynamics of vegetation and its interactions with the atmosphere, soil, and climate. (de)",""],["Q283<\/a>","dynamical system","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A system whose state evolves over time according to established rules and equations, used in climate modeling and prediction. (de)",""],["Q2261<\/a>","early eocene climatic optimum","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A warm period during the early Eocene epoch, characterized by elevated global temperatures and reduced polar ice. (de)",""],["Q285<\/a>","early warning systems","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Systems designed to detect and provide early warnings for impending natural hazards or disasters. (de)",""],["Q290<\/a>","earth system feedbacks","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Interactions within Earth's climate system that can amplify or dampen climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q291<\/a>","earth system model","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Models that simulate interactions between Earth's atmosphere, oceans, land, and biosphere to study climate dynamics. (de)",""],["Q292<\/a>","earth system model of intermediate complexity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Simplified Earth system models that balance complexity and computational feasibility. (de)",""],["Q293<\/a>","earth system sensitivity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Earth's sensitivity to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations, influencing climate response. (de)",""],["Q286<\/a>","earth%E2%80%99s energy budget","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The balance between incoming solar radiation absorbed by Earth and outgoing radiation emitted back into space. (de)",""],["Q287<\/a>","earth's energy flows","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The pathways and transfers of energy within Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and surface. (de)",""],["Q288<\/a>","earth's energy imbalance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The disparity between incoming solar radiation absorbed by Earth and outgoing radiation emitted back into space. (de)",""],["Q289<\/a>","earth's radiative response","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Earth's response to changes in radiative forcing, affecting temperature and climate. (de)",""],["Q2262<\/a>","east asian monsoon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The seasonal wind pattern affecting East Asia, bringing heavy rainfall and influencing regional climate. (de)",""],["Q296<\/a>","eastern boundary upwelling systems","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Oceanic systems that bring nutrient-rich waters to the surface along coastal areas, supporting marine ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q295<\/a>","eastern pacific el ni%C3%B1o","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A climate phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean, characterized by warmer waters in the eastern Pacific. (de)",""],["Q2263<\/a>","economic potential","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The potential economic benefits or opportunities associated with climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. (de)",""],["Q298<\/a>","ecosystem","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A community of living organisms and their physical environment interacting as an ecological unit. (de)",""],["Q300<\/a>","ecosystem health","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The overall condition and resilience of ecosystems, indicating their ability to sustain biodiversity and functions. (de)",""],["Q301<\/a>","ecosystem services","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The benefits humans derive from ecosystems, including provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services. (de)",""],["Q299<\/a>","ecosystem-based adaptation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Adaptation strategies that integrate ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation to reduce vulnerability to climate change. (de)",""],["Q2264<\/a>","effective equilibrium climate sensitivity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The equilibrium climate sensitivity considering the effects of feedback mechanisms over time. (de)",""],["Q303<\/a>","effective radiative forcing due to aerosol--cloud interactions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in Earth's radiative balance due to interactions between aerosols and cloud particles. (de)",""],["Q304<\/a>","effective radiative forcing due to aerosol--radiation interactions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in Earth's radiative balance due to interactions between aerosols and radiation. (de)",""],["Q305<\/a>","ekman transport","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The horizontal transport of ocean water by wind, influencing marine ecosystems and climate patterns. (de)",""],["Q306<\/a>","el ni\u00f1o--southern oscillation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon influencing global weather patterns. (de)",""],["Q307<\/a>","electromagnetic spectrum","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The distribution of electromagnetic radiation across a range of wavelengths, including visible light and radio waves. (de)",""],["Q308<\/a>","elevation-dependent warming","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The phenomenon where higher elevations warm faster than lower elevations due to climate change. (de)",""],["Q309<\/a>","embodied %5Bemissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Emissions associated with the production and transport of goods and services. (de)",""],["Q310<\/a>","emergence","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The appearance of new properties or behaviors in a complex system that emerge from interactions among its components. (de)",""],["Q311<\/a>","emergent constraint","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A limiting factor or prediction used to constrain uncertainty in climate models or projections. (de)",""],["Q312<\/a>","emission and socio-economic scenario ensemble","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A collection of scenarios or projections describing future greenhouse gas emissions and socio-economic developments. (de)",""],["Q313<\/a>","emission factor\/emissions intensity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The amount of greenhouse gas emissions per unit of economic activity or product output. (de)",""],["Q314<\/a>","emission pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","",""],["Q315<\/a>","emission trajectories","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Trajectories describing future greenhouse gas emissions based on various scenarios and assumptions. (de)",""],["Q316<\/a>","emissions scenario","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The potential future paths or tracks of greenhouse gas emissions based on different scenarios. (de)",""],["Q317<\/a>","emulation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The replication of the behavior of complex systems using simplified models or simulations. (de)",""],["Q318<\/a>","emulators","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Mathematical models or algorithms used to approximate complex processes or systems. (de)",""],["Q2265<\/a>","enabling conditions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Conditions and factors that facilitate or support the implementation of policies or technologies. (de)",""],["Q320<\/a>","endemic species","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Species native and restricted to a specific geographic area or habitat. (de)",""],["Q321<\/a>","energy access","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Access to reliable and modern energy sources for basic human needs, development, and well-being. (de)",""],["Q322<\/a>","energy balance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing thermal radiation from Earth's surface and atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q323<\/a>","energy balance model","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A model that calculates energy exchanges within Earth's climate system to study energy flows and feedbacks. (de)",""],["Q324<\/a>","energy budget","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The quantitative representation of energy transfers and transformations within Earth's climate system. (de)",""],["Q325<\/a>","energy efficiency","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The efficient use of energy to achieve desired outcomes or services, reducing energy consumption and waste. (de)",""],["Q326<\/a>","energy poverty","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Lack of access to adequate and reliable energy services, affecting quality of life and development. (de)",""],["Q327<\/a>","energy security","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Measures ensuring the availability and reliability of energy sources and services to meet societal needs. (de)",""],["Q328<\/a>","energy services","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Services and benefits derived from energy production, distribution, and consumption. (de)",""],["Q329<\/a>","energy system","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The infrastructure, technologies, and practices involved in the production, distribution, and consumption of energy. (de)",""],["Q330<\/a>","enhanced weathering","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A geoengineering technique involving the accelerated weathering of minerals to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q331<\/a>","ensemble","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A group of simulations or models used to account for uncertainties and variability in climate predictions. (de)",""],["Q332<\/a>","enteric fermentation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The fermentation process in livestock digestive systems producing methane emissions. (de)",""],["Q333<\/a>","equality","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fairness and impartiality in the distribution of resources, opportunities, and outcomes among individuals or groups. (de)",""],["Q334<\/a>","equilibrium and transient climate experiment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The response of the climate system to sustained greenhouse gas concentrations over centuries or millennia. (de)",""],["Q335<\/a>","equilibrium climate sensitivity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The sensitivity of Earth's climate to changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. (de)",""],["Q336<\/a>","equilibrium line","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The altitude at which snow accumulation equals melting in a glacier or ice sheet. (de)",""],["Q337<\/a>","equity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fairness and justice in the distribution of benefits and burdens related to climate change and mitigation efforts. (de)",""],["Q338<\/a>","equivalent carbon dioxide emission","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A standardized measure expressing the global warming potential of a greenhouse gas relative to carbon dioxide. (de)",""],["Q2266<\/a>","ethics","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The moral principles and considerations guiding decisions and actions related to climate change. (de)",""],["Q2267<\/a>","eudaimonic","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A concept of well-being and flourishing that emphasizes human potential and fulfillment. (de)",""],["Q341<\/a>","eutrophication","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Nutrient enrichment in water bodies leading to excessive algae growth and ecosystem degradation. (de)",""],["Q2268<\/a>","evaporation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process by which water changes from liquid to vapor, driven by solar radiation. (de)",""],["Q343<\/a>","evapotranspiration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The combined process of water evaporation from surfaces and transpiration from plants into the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q344<\/a>","evidence","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid. (de)",""],["Q345<\/a>","evolutionary adaptation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Adaptations in species traits and behaviors over successive generations in response to environmental changes. (de)",""],["Q21<\/a>","exceptionally unlikely","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","0\u20131% probability (Indicates the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result) (de)",""],["Q346<\/a>","exergy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The maximum useful work that can be extracted from a system at a given state, often related to energy efficiency. (de)",""],["Q347<\/a>","exposure","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The exposure of people, assets, or systems to climate change impacts or hazards. (de)",""],["Q348<\/a>","extended concentration pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Scenarios describing future greenhouse gas concentrations and their impacts on climate and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q349<\/a>","external forcing","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Factors or influences external to Earth's climate system that alter its energy balance, such as solar radiation or volcanic eruptions. (de)",""],["Q350<\/a>","externality\/external cost\/external benefit","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Costs or benefits arising from economic activities that affect third parties not directly involved in the transaction. (de)",""],["Q351<\/a>","extinction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The complete disappearance of a species from Earth. (de)",""],["Q352<\/a>","extirpation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The local extinction of a species from a specific geographic area, while surviving elsewhere. (de)",""],["Q353<\/a>","extratropical cyclone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A storm system outside the tropics, driven by temperature contrasts and frontal boundaries. (de)",""],["Q354<\/a>","extratropical jets","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","High-altitude air currents driven by temperature and pressure gradients, influencing weather patterns. (de)",""],["Q355<\/a>","extreme climate event","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An unusual or severe weather event significantly deviating from typical climatic conditions. (de)",""],["Q357<\/a>","extreme sea level","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An extreme event where sea level rises significantly above normal, often due to storms or tides. (de)",""],["Q358<\/a>","extreme weather event","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An unusually severe or atypical weather event, such as hurricanes, heatwaves, or tornadoes, often linked to climate change. (de)",""],["Q356<\/a>","extreme\/heavy precipitation event","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Heavy precipitation events exceeding normal levels, often leading to flooding or other impacts. (de)",""],["Q22<\/a>","extremely likely","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","95\u2013100% probability (Indicates the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result) (de)",""],["Q23<\/a>","extremely unlikely","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","0\u20135% probability (Indicates the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result) (de)",""],["Q1390<\/a>","fSST","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","fixed-sea surface temperature (de)",""],["Q359<\/a>","faculae","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Bright patches on the Sun's surface indicating intense magnetic activity. (de)",""],["Q2269<\/a>","fairness","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The quality of being just, equitable, or impartial in distribution or treatment. (de)",""],["Q361<\/a>","feasibility","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The practicality or achievability of a proposed project, plan, or policy. (de)",""],["Q362<\/a>","final energy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Energy in its final usable form after conversion and distribution to end-users. (de)",""],["Q363<\/a>","fine-mode aerosol optical depth","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The amount of fine particles in the atmosphere affecting light transmission and climate. (de)",""],["Q364<\/a>","fingerprint","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A unique pattern or characteristic indicative of a specific cause or origin, often used in climate science to identify climate change signals. (de)",""],["Q365<\/a>","fire weather","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Meteorological conditions conducive to wildfires due to dryness, heat, and wind. (de)",""],["Q366<\/a>","firn","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Compacted snow on glaciers that has not yet turned into ice. (de)",""],["Q2270<\/a>","fitness-for-purpose","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The suitability of a product, service, or system to meet specific needs or purposes. (de)",""],["Q368<\/a>","flaring","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The burning of gas at oil production sites, releasing greenhouse gases and pollutants. (de)",""],["Q369<\/a>","flexibility","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ability to adapt or modify policies and actions in response to changing circumstances or needs. (de)",""],["Q370<\/a>","flexible governance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Adaptive and responsive governance structures capable of addressing complex and dynamic challenges. (de)",""],["Q371<\/a>","flood","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Overflow of water onto normally dry land, causing damage. (de)",""],["Q372<\/a>","flux","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The rate of transfer of a fluid, such as water or air, through a surface or boundary. (de)",""],["Q374<\/a>","food loss and waste","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Losses of food at various stages from production to consumption. (de)",""],["Q375<\/a>","food security","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The condition where all people, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food. (de)",""],["Q376<\/a>","food system","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The interconnected network of food production, distribution, and consumption within a region or globally. (de)",""],["Q373<\/a>","food-borne diseases","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Diseases caused by contaminated food, leading to illness. (de)",""],["Q377<\/a>","foraminifera","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Marine organisms with protective shells, crucial for paleoclimate research. (de)",""],["Q378<\/a>","forcing","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","External influences causing changes in Earth's energy balance and climate. (de)",""],["Q379<\/a>","forest","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A complex ecosystem dominated by trees and other vegetation, influencing climate and biodiversity. (de)",""],["Q380<\/a>","forest degradation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The deterioration of forest ecosystems due to human activities or natural processes. (de)",""],["Q381<\/a>","forest line","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The altitude above which trees cannot grow due to climatic conditions. (de)",""],["Q382<\/a>","fossil fuel emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels. (de)",""],["Q383<\/a>","fossil fuels","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Non-renewable energy sources like coal, oil, and natural gas formed over millions of years from organic matter. (de)",""],["Q2271<\/a>","free atmosphere","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The part of the atmosphere above the planetary boundary layer where weather phenomena occur. (de)",""],["Q385<\/a>","frozen ground","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Ground that remains below freezing for more than two consecutive years, influencing ecosystems and infrastructure. (de)",""],["Q386<\/a>","fuel poverty","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The inability to afford adequate energy services in a household or community. (de)",""],["Q387<\/a>","fugitive emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Emissions of greenhouse gases not intentionally produced, such as leaks from pipelines or storage tanks. (de)",""],["Q388<\/a>","gender equity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fair distribution of resources, opportunities, and outcomes between genders. (de)",""],["Q389<\/a>","general circulation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns influencing global climate. (de)",""],["Q390<\/a>","general circulation model","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Computer models simulating Earth's climate system to study past, present, and future climate conditions. (de)",""],["Q391<\/a>","geocentric sea level change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The change in sea level relative to the center of the Earth due to gravitational and rotational effects. (de)",""],["Q392<\/a>","geoid","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The shape of Earth's gravitational field, representing sea level as an equipotential surface. (de)",""],["Q393<\/a>","geostrophic winds or currents","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Winds or currents parallel to Earth's isobars or sea surface contours, driven by the pressure gradient and Coriolis force. (de)",""],["Q394<\/a>","geothermal energy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Renewable energy derived from the Earth's internal heat. (de)",""],["Q2272<\/a>","gini coefficient","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A measure of income distribution within a population, indicating inequality. (de)",""],["Q397<\/a>","glacial isostatic adjustment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ongoing vertical land movements due to changes in ice and water loads following glacial retreat. (de)",""],["Q398<\/a>","glacial lake outburst flood \/glacier lake outburst","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Sudden floods caused by the breach or drainage of glacial lakes, often due to glacier melting. (de)",""],["Q399<\/a>","glacial or glaciation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process or condition related to glaciers or the growth and spread of glaciers. (de)",""],["Q396<\/a>","glacial-interglacial cycles","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Periodic shifts between colder glacial and warmer interglacial periods over geological time scales. (de)",""],["Q400<\/a>","glaciated","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Covered, affected, or formed by glaciers. (de)",""],["Q401<\/a>","glacier","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A large mass of ice moving slowly down a slope or valley, influenced by climate. (de)",""],["Q402<\/a>","glacierized","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Covered by glaciers. (de)",""],["Q404<\/a>","global carbon budget","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The balance between sources and sinks of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere and oceans. (de)",""],["Q405<\/a>","global change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The overall transformation and changes in Earth's systems due to human activities and natural processes. (de)",""],["Q406<\/a>","global dimming","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The reduction in solar radiation reaching Earth's surface due to aerosols and particulates in the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q407<\/a>","global energy budget","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing thermal radiation from Earth's surface and atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q408<\/a>","global energy inventory","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A comprehensive inventory of global energy production, consumption, and sources. (de)",""],["Q403<\/a>","global environment facility","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An international financial mechanism supporting projects addressing global environmental issues. (de)",""],["Q409<\/a>","global mean sea level change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The average sea level change across the world's oceans. (de)",""],["Q410<\/a>","global mean surface air temperature","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The average temperature of Earth's surface air over a specified period. (de)",""],["Q411<\/a>","global mean surface temperature","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The average temperature of Earth's surface, including oceans and land areas. (de)",""],["Q412<\/a>","global monsoon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A seasonal wind and rainfall pattern affecting regions across the globe. (de)",""],["Q413<\/a>","global warming","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily greenhouse gas emissions. (de)",""],["Q414<\/a>","global warming potential","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A measure of the relative global warming potential of a greenhouse gas compared to carbon dioxide. (de)",""],["Q415<\/a>","governance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The structures, processes, and norms by which authority and decision-making are exercised. (de)",""],["Q416<\/a>","governance capacity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The capability of institutions and organizations to effectively manage and respond to challenges. (de)",""],["Q417<\/a>","gravitational","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Relating to or caused by gravitational force or effects. (de)",""],["Q418<\/a>","gravity recovery and climate experiment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A satellite mission measuring changes in Earth's gravitational field and their implications for climate. (de)",""],["Q419<\/a>","grazing land","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Land used primarily for grazing livestock, supporting pastoral livelihoods. (de)",""],["Q420<\/a>","green climate fund","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A financial mechanism supporting climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts in developing countries. (de)",""],["Q421<\/a>","green infrastructure","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Natural and engineered features promoting environmental sustainability, such as green roofs and wetlands. (de)",""],["Q422<\/a>","greenhouse effect","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The warming of Earth's surface due to greenhouse gases trapping heat in the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q423<\/a>","greenhouse gas emission metric","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","",""],["Q424<\/a>","greenhouse gas neutrality","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","",""],["Q425<\/a>","greenhouse gases","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Gases like carbon dioxide and methane that trap heat in Earth's atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect. (de)",""],["Q426<\/a>","greenland ice sheet","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The massive ice sheet covering most of Greenland, influencing sea level rise and climate. (de)",""],["Q427<\/a>","grey infrastructure","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Infrastructure primarily composed of concrete, steel, and other materials, contrasting with natural or green infrastructure. (de)",""],["Q428<\/a>","gross domestic product","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The total value of goods and services produced within a country in a specific period. (de)",""],["Q429<\/a>","gross primary production","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The total amount of carbon dioxide fixed by photosynthesis in plants. (de)",""],["Q430<\/a>","ground-level ozone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Ground-level ozone formed by chemical reactions between pollutants in sunlight. (de)",""],["Q431<\/a>","grounding line","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The line where a glacier loses contact with the underlying bedrock, affecting ice flow and sea level rise. (de)",""],["Q432<\/a>","groundwater recharge","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of replenishing groundwater reserves through natural percolation or artificial means. (de)",""],["Q433<\/a>","gyre","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Large systems of rotating ocean currents driven by winds and Earth's rotation, influencing climate and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q2273<\/a>","habitability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The suitability of an environment for human habitation, influenced by factors like climate, resources, and infrastructure. (de)",""],["Q435<\/a>","hadley circulation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Global air circulation cells near the equator, driving weather patterns and climate. (de)",""],["Q436<\/a>","halocarbons","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Synthetic chemicals containing carbon, chlorine, or bromine, contributing to ozone depletion and climate change. (de)",""],["Q437<\/a>","halocline","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A steep change in salinity with depth in oceans or lakes. (de)",""],["Q438<\/a>","halosteric","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in sea level due to changes in ocean salinity, affecting ocean density and volume. (de)",""],["Q439<\/a>","halosteric sea level change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in sea level due to changes in ocean salinity. (de)",""],["Q440<\/a>","hazard","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A natural or human-induced event that poses a threat to human life, property, or the environment. (de)",""],["Q441<\/a>","health","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The overall well-being, physical and mental, of individuals and communities. (de)",""],["Q442<\/a>","heat index","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A measure combining temperature and humidity to quantify discomfort from heat. (de)",""],["Q443<\/a>","heat stress","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Physiological strain from prolonged exposure to high temperatures, often exacerbated by humidity. (de)",""],["Q444<\/a>","heatwave","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A prolonged period of unusually high temperatures relative to the expected climate norms. (de)",""],["Q445<\/a>","heavy precipitation event","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Intense precipitation events exceeding normal levels, leading to flooding or other impacts. (de)",""],["Q446<\/a>","hedonic","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A method in economics determining the value of goods and services based on market demand and preferences. (de)",""],["Q447<\/a>","heinrich event","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Abrupt cooling events during the last glacial period, caused by massive iceberg discharges into the North Atlantic. (de)",""],["Q448<\/a>","heterotrophic respiration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Carbon dioxide release into the atmosphere from microbial decomposition of organic matter. (de)",""],["Q2234<\/a>","high confidence","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","Each finding is grounded in an evaluation of underlying evidence and agreement. The IPCC calibrated language uses five qualifiers to express a level of confidence (very low, low, medium, high and very high ) (de)",""],["Q449<\/a>","hindcast or retrospective forecast","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The practice of using models to simulate past weather events for validation and understanding. (de)",""],["Q450<\/a>","holocene","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The current geological epoch characterized by stable climate conditions conducive to human civilization. (de)",""],["Q451<\/a>","household carbon footprint","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The total amount of greenhouse gas emissions directly and indirectly associated with a household's activities. (de)",""],["Q452<\/a>","human behaviour","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Actions, decisions, and behaviors of individuals or groups, influencing climate change mitigation and adaptation. (de)",""],["Q453<\/a>","human influence on the climate system","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Human activities contributing to changes in Earth's climate, particularly through greenhouse gas emissions. (de)",""],["Q454<\/a>","human mobility","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The movement of people across or within geographical regions, influenced by environmental, social, and economic factors. (de)",""],["Q455<\/a>","human rights","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fundamental rights ensuring the dignity, security, and freedom of individuals and communities. (de)",""],["Q456<\/a>","human security","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","",""],["Q457<\/a>","human system","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The interconnected human activities and systems influencing and affected by environmental changes. (de)",""],["Q458<\/a>","hydroclimate","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The study of water in the atmosphere and its cycling between Earth's surface and the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q459<\/a>","hydrofluorocarbons","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Synthetic chemicals used as substitutes for ozone-depleting substances, also contributing to global warming. (de)",""],["Q460<\/a>","hydrological cycle","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth, including evaporation, precipitation, and runoff. (de)",""],["Q461<\/a>","hydrological drought","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A prolonged period of reduced water availability due to insufficient precipitation or water storage. (de)",""],["Q462<\/a>","hydrological sensitivity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Sensitivity of a region or system to changes in the hydrological cycle, affecting water resources. (de)",""],["Q463<\/a>","hydropower","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Electricity generation from flowing water, such as rivers or dams. (de)",""],["Q464<\/a>","hydrosphere","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The combined mass of Earth's water in oceans, lakes, rivers, and glaciers. (de)",""],["Q465<\/a>","hyperthermal events","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Periods of rapid global warming events in Earth's history. (de)",""],["Q466<\/a>","hypoxic","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Low oxygen levels in water bodies, affecting aquatic life and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q467<\/a>","hypoxic events","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Events where oxygen levels in water bodies drop below normal, affecting marine life. (de)",""],["Q468<\/a>","hypsometry","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The study of the distribution and variations in elevation across Earth's surface. (de)",""],["Q2274<\/a>","ice age","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Periods of long-term cooling or warming of Earth's climate, marked by glaciations or interglacial periods. (de)",""],["Q471<\/a>","ice core","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Cylindrical samples of ice drilled from glaciers or ice sheets, used to study past climate conditions. (de)",""],["Q472<\/a>","ice sheet","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Massive ice masses covering land and formed by accumulated snow over millennia. (de)",""],["Q473<\/a>","ice shelf","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A floating platform of ice attached to a coastline or ice sheet. (de)",""],["Q474<\/a>","ice stream","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fast-moving rivers of ice within ice sheets, flowing towards the coast. (de)",""],["Q470<\/a>","ice--albedo feedback","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The feedback loop where melting ice reduces Earth's albedo, enhancing further warming. (de)",""],["Q475<\/a>","iceberg","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Large floating chunks of ice calved from glaciers or ice shelves into the ocean. (de)",""],["Q2320<\/a>","impact assessment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a substance. (de)",""],["Q476<\/a>","impacts","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The effects and consequences of climate change on ecosystems, societies, economies, and the environment. (de)",""],["Q477<\/a>","income","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The total earnings or money received by individuals or households from various sources. (de)",""],["Q478<\/a>","incremental adaptation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Incremental adjustments and improvements to adapt to climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q480<\/a>","indian ocean basin mode","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Oceanic climate patterns influencing rainfall and temperature in the Indian Ocean region. (de)",""],["Q479<\/a>","indian ocean dipole","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An irregular climate oscillation affecting sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean. (de)",""],["Q482<\/a>","indigenous knowledge","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Traditional knowledge and practices developed by indigenous peoples over generations. (de)",""],["Q481<\/a>","indigenous peoples","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Indigenous communities with ancestral ties to specific lands and traditional knowledge. (de)",""],["Q483<\/a>","indirect emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from indirect activities, such as supply chains or infrastructure development. (de)",""],["Q484<\/a>","indirect land-use change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in land use leading to greenhouse gas emissions, such as deforestation for agriculture. (de)",""],["Q485<\/a>","industrial revolution","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The transition marked by industrial advancements, urbanization, and socio-economic changes. (de)",""],["Q486<\/a>","inequality","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Disparities and uneven distributions of resources, opportunities, and outcomes among individuals or groups. (de)",""],["Q487<\/a>","informal settlement","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Informal settlements lacking legal recognition or basic services like water and sanitation. (de)",""],["Q488<\/a>","infrastructure","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Physical and organizational structures supporting societal functions and services. (de)",""],["Q489<\/a>","insolation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Solar radiation energy reaching Earth's surface. (de)",""],["Q490<\/a>","instantaneous radiative forcing due to aerosol--cloud interactions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in Earth's radiation balance due to interactions between aerosols, clouds, and radiation. (de)",""],["Q491<\/a>","instantaneous radiative forcing due to aerosol--radiation interactions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in Earth's radiation balance due to interactions between aerosols and radiation. (de)",""],["Q492<\/a>","institutional capacity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ability of organizations or institutions to effectively implement policies and programs. (de)",""],["Q493<\/a>","institutions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Organizations, laws, and systems governing and regulating societal behaviors and activities. (de)",""],["Q494<\/a>","insurance\/reinsurance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Financial protection against risks associated with climate-related disasters or events. (de)",""],["Q495<\/a>","integrated assessment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An approach integrating multiple disciplines to assess complex societal and environmental challenges. (de)",""],["Q496<\/a>","integrated assessment model","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Models combining physical, economic, and social factors to assess climate change impacts and policies. (de)",""],["Q497<\/a>","integrated assessment scenario%C2%A0ensemble","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A collection of scenarios or projections describing future climate and socio-economic conditions. (de)",""],["Q498<\/a>","inter-decadal pacific oscillation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A multi-decadal climate oscillation affecting sea surface temperatures across the Pacific Ocean. (de)",""],["Q499<\/a>","inter-tropical convergence zone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The region near the equator where trade winds converge, influencing weather patterns and precipitation. (de)",""],["Q500<\/a>","interglacial or interglaciation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Periods between glacial periods characterized by warmer temperatures and less ice cover. (de)",""],["Q501<\/a>","internal climate variability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Natural variability in Earth's climate system, unrelated to external forcing factors. (de)",""],["Q502<\/a>","internal variability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Variability within Earth's climate system, independent of external factors or influences. (de)",""],["Q503<\/a>","internet of things","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Interconnected devices transmitting data over the internet for monitoring and control purposes. (de)",""],["Q504<\/a>","interpolation uncertainty","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Uncertainty related to estimating values between known data points. (de)",""],["Q505<\/a>","interstadial or interstade","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Periods of warmer climate conditions within glacial periods. (de)",""],["Q506<\/a>","invasive species","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Non-native species that adversely affect local ecosystems, biodiversity, or human activities. (de)",""],["Q507<\/a>","irreversibility","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Conditions or changes that cannot be reversed within a foreseeable timeframe. (de)",""],["Q2275<\/a>","isostatic or isostasy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Equilibrium in Earth's crust where buoyancy forces stabilize vertical movements. (de)",""],["Q509<\/a>","isotopes","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, used in climate and geological studies. (de)",""],["Q510<\/a>","just transitions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fair and equitable transitions to sustainable economies and societies, minimizing social and economic disruptions. (de)",""],["Q511<\/a>","justice","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fairness and impartiality in the distribution of benefits, burdens, and risks among individuals and groups. (de)",""],["Q1624<\/a>","kWh","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Kilowatt hour (de)",""],["Q512<\/a>","kaya identity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A formula used to analyze factors influencing greenhouse gas emissions, combining population, GDP per capita, energy intensity, and carbon intensity. (de)",""],["Q513<\/a>","key climate indicators","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Key indicators used to monitor and assess climate change impacts, trends, and risks. (de)",""],["Q514<\/a>","key risk","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Risks critical to understanding and managing climate change impacts on ecosystems, societies, and economies. (de)",""],["Q2276<\/a>","kriging","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A geostatistical method for interpolating spatial data points based on nearby values. (de)",""],["Q516<\/a>","land","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Solid ground or soil, including terrestrial ecosystems and landscapes. (de)",""],["Q517<\/a>","land cover","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The physical and biological cover over Earth's surface, including vegetation and artificial structures. (de)",""],["Q519<\/a>","land degradation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Deterioration of land quality and productivity, often due to human activities like agriculture and deforestation. (de)",""],["Q520<\/a>","land degradation neutrality","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The state whereby land degradation is halted and reversed, achieving sustainable land use practices. (de)",""],["Q521<\/a>","land management","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The management and use of land resources to achieve sustainable development and conservation goals. (de)",""],["Q522<\/a>","land management change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in land use practices, such as deforestation or afforestation, affecting land cover and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q523<\/a>","land potential","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The productive potential of land for agriculture, forestry, and other uses. (de)",""],["Q524<\/a>","land rehabilitation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of restoring degraded land to improve its ecological functionality and productivity. (de)",""],["Q525<\/a>","land restoration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Actions to restore ecosystems and habitats on degraded or deforested land. (de)",""],["Q526<\/a>","land surface air temperature","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The temperature of Earth's surface air, measured near the ground. (de)",""],["Q527<\/a>","land use","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The human activities and practices involving the management, utilization, and modification of land resources. (de)",""],["Q529<\/a>","land water storage","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in the amount of water stored in land surfaces, influencing hydrological cycles and climate. (de)",""],["Q518<\/a>","land-cover change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in land cover type over time, often due to human activities like deforestation or urbanization. (de)",""],["Q528<\/a>","land-use change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in land use from natural or semi-natural ecosystems to agriculture, urban areas, or other land cover types. (de)",""],["Q2277<\/a>","lapse rate","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The rate at which atmospheric temperature decreases with altitude under specific atmospheric conditions. (de)",""],["Q531<\/a>","large-scale","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Involving or relating to a large scale, encompassing broad areas or regions. (de)",""],["Q532<\/a>","last millennium","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The period from 1000 to 2000 CE, covering the last thousand years. (de)",""],["Q533<\/a>","latent heat flux","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The transfer of heat energy during changes of state, such as evaporation or condensation. (de)",""],["Q534<\/a>","leakage","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The unintended increase in greenhouse gas emissions or environmental impact in one location due to reduction measures elsewhere. (de)",""],["Q535<\/a>","leapfrogging","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Skipping technological stages to adopt more advanced methods or technologies. (de)",""],["Q536<\/a>","least developed countries","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Countries facing severe structural economic challenges and low human development indices. (de)",""],["Q2278<\/a>","lifecycle assessment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Assessment of the environmental impacts of a product or service throughout its lifecycle. (de)",""],["Q538<\/a>","lifetime","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The period for which a substance remains in the atmosphere or environment before breaking down. (de)",""],["Q2279<\/a>","light-absorbing particles","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Particles absorbing sunlight in the atmosphere, contributing to warming. (de)",""],["Q540<\/a>","likelihood","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The probability of occurrence or likelihood of a particular event or outcome. (de)",""],["Q16<\/a>","likely","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","66\u2013100% probability (Indicates the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result) (de)",""],["Q541<\/a>","lithosphere","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Earth's rigid outer shell consisting of the crust and upper mantle. (de)",""],["Q542<\/a>","livelihood","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The means of earning a living, including income generation and subsistence activities. (de)",""],["Q543<\/a>","local extinction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The extinction of a species from a particular geographic area, but not globally. (de)",""],["Q544<\/a>","local knowledge","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Knowledge and practices developed by communities based on their local environment and traditions. (de)",""],["Q545<\/a>","local sea level change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in local sea levels influenced by factors like land subsidence and ocean dynamics. (de)",""],["Q546<\/a>","lock-in","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The situation where technological or societal choices become entrenched, making change difficult. (de)",""],["Q547<\/a>","long-lived climate forcers","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Gases with long atmospheric lifetimes contributing to global warming, like methane and nitrous oxide. (de)",""],["Q548<\/a>","long-lived greenhouse gases","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Gases like carbon dioxide and methane that remain in the atmosphere for extended periods, contributing to global warming. (de)",""],["Q549<\/a>","loss and damage","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The irreversible loss and harm caused by climate change impacts, requiring international response. (de)",""],["Q10<\/a>","low confidence","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","Each finding is grounded in an evaluation of underlying evidence and agreement. The IPCC calibrated language uses five qualifiers to express a level of confidence (very low, low, medium, high and very high ) (de), 2Each finding is grounded in an evaluation of underlying evidence and agreement. The IPCC calibrated language uses five qualifiers to express a level of confidence (very low, low, medium, high and very high ) (en)",""],["Q550<\/a>","low elevation coastal zones","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Low-lying coastal areas vulnerable to sea level rise and associated hazards. (de)",""],["Q551<\/a>","low-likelihood","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Events or scenarios with a low probability of occurrence or happening. (de)",""],["Q1679<\/a>","m w.e.","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Meter Water Equivalent (de)",""],["Q2280<\/a>","madden--julian oscillation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A tropical climate oscillation affecting weather patterns and precipitation in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. (de)",""],["Q553<\/a>","maladaptive actions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Actions exacerbating vulnerability to climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q554<\/a>","malnutrition","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Health conditions caused or exacerbated by inadequate nutrition or food quality. (de)",""],["Q555<\/a>","managed forest","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Forests managed to optimize wood production while maintaining ecosystem functions. (de)",""],["Q556<\/a>","managed grassland","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Grasslands managed to optimize livestock production while conserving biodiversity. (de)",""],["Q557<\/a>","managed land","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Land managed for specific purposes, such as agriculture, forestry, or conservation. (de)",""],["Q2281<\/a>","marine cloud brightening","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A geoengineering concept aiming to increase cloud reflectivity to cool the planet. (de)",""],["Q560<\/a>","marine heatwave","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An extended period of unusually warm ocean temperatures, affecting marine ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q561<\/a>","marine ice cliff instability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The potential collapse of ice cliffs along marine-based ice sheets, accelerating ice loss. (de)",""],["Q562<\/a>","marine ice sheet instability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The potential instability and rapid disintegration of marine-based ice sheets due to warming. (de)",""],["Q563<\/a>","marine isotope stage","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Geological periods characterized by similar oxygen isotope ratios in deep-sea cores, indicating past climate conditions. (de)",""],["Q558<\/a>","marine-based ice sheet","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Portions of ice sheets resting on the sea floor, influencing sea level rise when melting. (de)",""],["Q564<\/a>","market failure","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Market inefficiencies resulting in misallocation of resources and failure to address environmental costs. (de)",""],["Q565<\/a>","mass balance\/budget","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The balance or equilibrium between inputs and outputs of mass, energy, or substances in a system. (de)",""],["Q2282<\/a>","material substitution","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Substituting one material for another to reduce environmental impact. (de)",""],["Q2283<\/a>","mean sea level","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","multilateral environmental agreement (de)",""],["Q568<\/a>","measurement","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process or action of measuring or determining quantities or properties. (de)",""],["Q2233<\/a>","medium confidence","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","Each finding is grounded in an evaluation of underlying evidence and agreement. The IPCC calibrated language uses five qualifiers to express a level of confidence (very low, low, medium, high and very high ) (de)",""],["Q569<\/a>","megacity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A city with a population exceeding 10 million inhabitants. (de)",""],["Q570<\/a>","megadrought","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A prolonged period of severe drought affecting large regions or continents. (de)",""],["Q2284<\/a>","meltwater pulse 1a","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A rapid rise in global sea levels around 14,000 years ago due to melting ice sheets. (de)",""],["Q572<\/a>","mental health","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The psychological and emotional well-being of individuals and communities. (de)",""],["Q2285<\/a>","meridional overturning circulation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The overturning circulation of water masses in the world's oceans, affecting climate and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q574<\/a>","meteorological drought","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A prolonged period of dry weather caused by a lack of precipitation. (de)",""],["Q575<\/a>","methane","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A potent greenhouse gas emitted from natural and human sources, influencing climate change. (de)",""],["Q576<\/a>","metric","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A standard unit or measure used to evaluate performance, impact, or effectiveness. (de)",""],["Q2286<\/a>","microclimate","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The climate conditions of a small-scale or localized area, differing from the surrounding region. (de)",""],["Q578<\/a>","microwave sounding unit","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Instruments measuring microwave radiation emitted by Earth's atmosphere, used in weather and climate monitoring. (de)",""],["Q579<\/a>","migrant","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A person moving from one region or country to another for various reasons, including environmental or economic factors. (de)",""],["Q580<\/a>","migration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The movement of people from one place to another, often driven by environmental or socio-economic factors. (de)",""],["Q581<\/a>","mineralization\/remineralization","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The conversion of organic matter into minerals by microbial action, contributing to nutrient cycles. (de)",""],["Q582<\/a>","mitigation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions or enhance sinks to mitigate climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q583<\/a>","mitigation measures","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Measures and actions aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions or enhancing sinks to mitigate climate change. (de)",""],["Q584<\/a>","mitigation option","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Options and strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions or enhancing sinks to achieve climate goals. (de)",""],["Q585<\/a>","mitigation pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Different pathways or scenarios outlining actions and measures to achieve greenhouse gas emissions reductions. (de)",""],["Q586<\/a>","mitigation potential","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions through various measures and technologies. (de)",""],["Q587<\/a>","mitigation scenario","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Scenarios outlining potential pathways and outcomes based on different levels of mitigation action. (de)",""],["Q588<\/a>","model initialization","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of setting initial conditions in climate models to simulate past or current climate conditions. (de)",""],["Q589<\/a>","model spread","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The range or variability among model simulations or predictions for the same scenario. (de)",""],["Q590<\/a>","models","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Computer models simulating Earth's climate system to study and predict climate patterns and changes. (de)",""],["Q591<\/a>","modes of climate variability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Patterns or cycles of natural climate variations affecting weather and climate globally or regionally. (de)",""],["Q592<\/a>","mole fraction or mixing ratio","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ratio of the number of molecules of one substance to another in a mixture, often used for gases in the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q593<\/a>","monitoring and evaluation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The continuous assessment and evaluation of climate-related actions and policies to gauge effectiveness and impact. (de)",""],["Q594<\/a>","montreal protocol","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An international agreement aimed at phasing out ozone-depleting substances. (de)",""],["Q17<\/a>","more likely than not","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","",">50\u2013100% probability (Indicates the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result) (de)",""],["Q595<\/a>","mountains","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Elevated areas of land characterized by high relief and distinct ecological zones. (de)",""],["Q596<\/a>","multi-level governance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A governance approach involving multiple levels of government, institutions, and stakeholders. (de)",""],["Q597<\/a>","narrative","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A storyline or narrative used to convey complex scientific or policy information. (de)",""],["Q598<\/a>","native species","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Species naturally occurring and evolving in specific ecosystems or regions. (de)",""],["Q599<\/a>","natural systems","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Natural environments and ecosystems comprising living organisms and their interactions. (de)",""],["Q600<\/a>","natural variability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Variability in Earth's climate system caused by internal processes and natural phenomena. (de)",""],["Q602<\/a>","nature's contributions to people","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The contributions of ecosystems to human well-being, including food, water, and cultural services. (de)",""],["Q601<\/a>","nature-based solutions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Ecosystem-based approaches using natural features and processes to address societal challenges. (de)",""],["Q2287<\/a>","near-surface permafrost","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Permanently frozen soil near Earth's surface, crucial for ecosystem stability in polar regions. (de)",""],["Q604<\/a>","negative greenhouse gas emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The removal of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere, reducing their concentration. (de)",""],["Q605<\/a>","net negative greenhouse gas emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Achieving a balance between greenhouse gas emissions and removals, resulting in no net addition to the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q606<\/a>","net primary production","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The total amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by plants and other photosynthetic organisms, influencing the carbon cycle. (de)",""],["Q607<\/a>","net zero co2 emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Achieving a balance between carbon dioxide emissions and removals, resulting in no net addition to the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q608<\/a>","net zero greenhouse gas emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A sustainable urban development framework focusing on inclusive, resilient, and sustainable urban growth. (de)",""],["Q609<\/a>","new urban agenda","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Deposition of reactive nitrogen compounds into ecosystems, influencing nutrient cycles and biodiversity. (de)",""],["Q610<\/a>","nitrogen deposition","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A potent greenhouse gas emitted from agricultural and industrial activities, influencing climate change. (de)",""],["Q611<\/a>","nitrous oxide","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Gases other than carbon dioxide that contribute to radiative forcing and climate change. (de)",""],["Q613<\/a>","non-climatic driver","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Diseases not directly transmitted by pathogens, often associated with lifestyle and environmental factors. (de)",""],["Q612<\/a>","non-co2 emissions and radiative forcing","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Factors unrelated to climate causing environmental or societal changes. (de)",""],["Q614<\/a>","non-communicable diseases","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Non-linear relationships or behaviors in climate systems, where small changes lead to disproportionately larger effects. (de)",""],["Q615<\/a>","non-linearity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Volatile organic compounds contributing to atmospheric chemistry and climate change. (de)",""],["Q616<\/a>","non-methane volatile organic compounds","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Climate pathways avoiding overshooting global warming targets, ensuring long-term sustainability. (de)",""],["Q617<\/a>","non-overshoot pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A seasonal weather pattern affecting North America, characterized by increased rainfall and humidity. (de)",""],["Q618<\/a>","north american monsoon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Atmospheric circulation pattern affecting weather patterns in the North Atlantic region. (de)",""],["Q619<\/a>","north atlantic oscillation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A climate oscillation influencing weather and atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere. (de)",""],["Q620<\/a>","northern annular mode","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","",""],["Q622<\/a>","ocean acidification","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The largest bodies of saline water on Earth's surface, covering approximately 71% of its surface. (de)",""],["Q623<\/a>","ocean alkalinization\/ocean alkalinity enhancement","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Increasing ocean alkalinity to enhance carbon dioxide absorption and mitigate climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q624<\/a>","ocean carbon cycle","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The cycling of carbon through oceanic processes, including uptake, transport, and storage. (de)",""],["Q625<\/a>","ocean deoxygenation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Decreasing oxygen levels in the ocean, affecting marine life and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q626<\/a>","ocean dynamic sea level change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in sea level due to ocean dynamics, such as currents and temperature changes. (de)",""],["Q627<\/a>","ocean fertilisation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Adding nutrients to ocean waters to stimulate phytoplankton growth and enhance carbon dioxide absorption. (de)",""],["Q628<\/a>","ocean heat uptake efficiency","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The efficiency with which the ocean absorbs and stores heat from the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q629<\/a>","ocean stratification","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Layering of ocean waters based on temperature and salinity, affecting marine ecosystems and circulation. (de)",""],["Q630<\/a>","offset","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Compensation for greenhouse gas emissions through reductions elsewhere or carbon removal. (de)",""],["Q631<\/a>","orbital forcing","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in Earth's orbit affecting climate, influencing long-term climate patterns. (de)",""],["Q632<\/a>","organic aerosol","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Aerosols composed of organic compounds, influencing atmospheric processes and climate. (de)",""],["Q633<\/a>","organic farming","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Agricultural practices avoiding synthetic chemicals and promoting natural methods. (de)",""],["Q634<\/a>","outbreak","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Sudden increase in disease occurrence in a population, region, or ecosystem. (de)",""],["Q635<\/a>","outgoing longwave radiation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Longwave radiation emitted from Earth's surface into the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q636<\/a>","outlet glacier","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Glaciers flowing from ice sheets or ice caps into the ocean, affecting sea level rise. (de)",""],["Q637<\/a>","overshoot pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Climate pathways temporarily exceeding global warming targets before returning to safer levels. (de)",""],["Q638<\/a>","oxygen minimum zone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Areas of the ocean with very low oxygen levels, impacting marine ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q639<\/a>","ozone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A gas molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms, crucial in the upper atmosphere for absorbing ultraviolet radiation. (de)",""],["Q641<\/a>","ozone layer","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The protective layer of ozone gas in the stratosphere, absorbing most of the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation. (de)",""],["Q640<\/a>","ozone-depleting substances","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Substances that deplete the ozone layer, such as chlorofluorocarbons and halons. (de)",""],["Q642<\/a>","ozonesonde","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Balloons carrying instruments to measure ozone concentration and atmospheric parameters. (de)",""],["Q1878<\/a>","pCO2","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","partial pressure of CO2 (de)",""],["Q666<\/a>","pH","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Potential of Hydrogen (de)",""],["Q2288<\/a>","pacific decadal oscillation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","",""],["Q644<\/a>","pacific decadal variability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Long-term climate variability in the Pacific Ocean influencing weather patterns. (de)",""],["Q645<\/a>","pacific-north american pattern","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Variability in sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation affecting climate in the Pacific-North American region. (de)",""],["Q646<\/a>","palaeocene--eocene thermal maximum","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A rapid warming event 55 million years ago, impacting global climate and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q647<\/a>","paleoclimate","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The study of Earth's climate history using geological and biological evidence. (de)",""],["Q648<\/a>","pandemic","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An epidemic of infectious disease affecting a large population across multiple countries or continents. (de)",""],["Q649<\/a>","pareto optimum","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An optimal allocation of resources where no one can be made better off without making someone else worse off. (de)",""],["Q650<\/a>","participatory governance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A governance approach involving the participation of stakeholders in decision-making processes. (de)",""],["Q651<\/a>","particulate matter","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Small particles suspended in the atmosphere, influencing air quality and climate. (de)",""],["Q2289<\/a>","pasture","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Land used for grazing livestock, influencing carbon storage and biodiversity. (de)",""],["Q653<\/a>","path dependence","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The idea that historical events or decisions constrain future options and choices. (de)",""],["Q654<\/a>","pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Different routes or sequences of events leading to different outcomes or goals. (de)",""],["Q655<\/a>","pattern scaling","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Scaling climate model projections based on observed patterns or relationships. (de)",""],["Q656<\/a>","peat","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Organic material formed in waterlogged environments, storing carbon and influencing climate. (de)",""],["Q657<\/a>","peatlands","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Wetland ecosystems consisting of partially decayed plant material, crucial for carbon storage. (de)",""],["Q658<\/a>","pelagic","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Relating to the open sea rather than coastal waters or the seafloor. (de)",""],["Q659<\/a>","pelagos","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Open ocean regions beyond coastal and continental shelves. (de)",""],["Q660<\/a>","percentile","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A statistical measure indicating the percentage of data points below a given value. (de)",""],["Q661<\/a>","peri-urban areas","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Areas adjacent to urban centers with mixed urban and rural characteristics. (de)",""],["Q662<\/a>","permafrost","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Perennially frozen ground in polar regions, sensitive to climate change. (de)",""],["Q663<\/a>","permafrost degradation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","",""],["Q664<\/a>","permafrost thaw","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The thawing or melting of permafrost due to rising temperatures. (de)",""],["Q665<\/a>","perturbed parameter ensemble","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Ensemble simulations varying model parameters to assess climate model sensitivity. (de)",""],["Q2290<\/a>","phenology","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The study of cyclic and seasonal natural phenomena in plants and animals. (de)",""],["Q667<\/a>","photosynthesis","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process by which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars. (de)",""],["Q668<\/a>","physical climate storyline","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A narrative describing the physical processes and interactions influencing climate. (de)",""],["Q669<\/a>","planetary health","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The health of human civilization linked to the state of natural systems and the environment. (de)",""],["Q670<\/a>","plankton","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Microscopic organisms floating in the ocean, forming the basis of marine food webs. (de)",""],["Q671<\/a>","planned relocation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Planned relocation of communities or populations due to environmental or climate-related risks. (de)",""],["Q672<\/a>","plant evaporative stress","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Water stress in plants due to inadequate moisture availability, affecting growth and yield. (de)",""],["Q673<\/a>","plasticity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ability of organisms or systems to adapt to changing environmental conditions. (de)",""],["Q674<\/a>","pleistocene","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The geological epoch from 2.6 million to 11,700 years ago, characterized by repeated glaciations. (de)",""],["Q675<\/a>","pliocene","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The geological epoch from 5.3 to 2.6 million years ago, preceding the Pleistocene. (de)",""],["Q676<\/a>","polar amplification","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The amplification of temperature changes in polar regions compared to global average warming. (de)",""],["Q677<\/a>","policies","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Courses of action or strategies adopted by governments or organizations to achieve specific goals. (de)",""],["Q678<\/a>","political economy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The interaction of politics and economics influencing policy decisions and resource allocation. (de)",""],["Q679<\/a>","pollen analysis","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The study of pollen grains in sediment cores to reconstruct past climates and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q680<\/a>","polycentric governance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A governance approach involving multiple centers of authority at different levels. (de)",""],["Q681<\/a>","pool","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A reservoir or storage of a substance in a system, such as carbon in forests or oceans. (de)",""],["Q682<\/a>","potential evapotranspiration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The potential evaporation rate from land and water surfaces under optimal conditions. (de)",""],["Q683<\/a>","poverty","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The state of being poor, lacking basic necessities and resources for a decent standard of living. (de)",""],["Q684<\/a>","poverty eradication","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Efforts and actions aimed at eradicating poverty and improving living conditions globally. (de)",""],["Q685<\/a>","poverty trap","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A situation where individuals or communities remain trapped in poverty due to structural barriers. (de)",""],["Q1911<\/a>","ppb","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","parts per billion (de)",""],["Q1916<\/a>","ppm","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","parts per million (de)",""],["Q686<\/a>","pre-industrial","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Relating to the period before industrialization and significant human influence on climate. (de)",""],["Q687<\/a>","precipitable water","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, influencing cloud formation and precipitation. (de)",""],["Q688<\/a>","precipitation deficit","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A deficit in precipitation compared to the expected amount for a given period and region. (de)",""],["Q689<\/a>","precursors","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Chemical compounds that react to form pollutants or other substances. (de)",""],["Q690<\/a>","predictability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The extent to which a system or process can be predicted accurately. (de)",""],["Q691<\/a>","prediction quality\/skill","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The quality or accuracy of predictions made by climate models or forecasting techniques. (de)",""],["Q2291<\/a>","primary energy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Energy from sources before conversion or transformation, such as coal or solar radiation. (de)",""],["Q693<\/a>","primary production","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The production of organic matter through photosynthesis by plants and other organisms. (de)",""],["Q694<\/a>","private costs","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Costs borne directly by individuals or entities, excluding externalities or societal impacts. (de)",""],["Q695<\/a>","probability density function","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A function describing the likelihood of a continuous random variable taking a given value. (de)",""],["Q696<\/a>","procedural justice","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fairness in the processes and procedures governing the distribution of benefits and burdens. (de)",""],["Q697<\/a>","process-based model","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A model describing physical processes and interactions in a system, such as climate or ecology. (de)",""],["Q698<\/a>","production-based emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Emissions associated with the production of goods and services. (de)",""],["Q699<\/a>","projection","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A projection or estimate of future climate conditions based on scientific data and models. (de)",""],["Q700<\/a>","prosumers","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Consumers who both consume and produce goods or services, such as energy or food. (de)",""],["Q701<\/a>","proxy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A substitute used to estimate values for unavailable data points based on nearby values or known relationships. (de)",""],["Q702<\/a>","quasi-biennial oscillation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A cycle of winds in the equatorial stratosphere affecting atmospheric circulation and climate. (de)",""],["Q703<\/a>","quaternary","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The geological period spanning the past 2.6 million years, characterized by repeated glaciations. (de)",""],["Q704<\/a>","radiative forcing","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The change in energy balance of the Earth-atmosphere system causing climate change. (de)",""],["Q705<\/a>","rapid dynamical change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Abrupt and significant changes in Earth's systems, such as ice sheets or ocean currents. (de)",""],["Q2292<\/a>","reanalysis","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A method combining historical data with models to create consistent datasets for climate analysis. (de)",""],["Q707<\/a>","reasons for concern","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A framework outlining qualitative reasons for concern regarding climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q708<\/a>","rebound effect","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The unintended increase in resource consumption following efficiency improvements. (de)",""],["Q709<\/a>","reconstruction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of reconstructing past climate conditions using proxy data and models. (de)",""],["Q710<\/a>","reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Efforts to decrease greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. (de)",""],["Q711<\/a>","reference period","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A specified time period used as a baseline for comparison in climate assessments. (de)",""],["Q712<\/a>","reference scenario","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A future scenario used to explore potential outcomes and responses to climate change. (de)",""],["Q713<\/a>","reforestation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Planting trees in areas where forests have been depleted to mitigate climate change. (de)",""],["Q714<\/a>","refugium","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Areas where species survive during adverse conditions, preserving biodiversity. (de)",""],["Q2293<\/a>","regenerative agriculture","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Agricultural practices enhancing ecosystem health and soil fertility while sequestering carbon. (de)",""],["Q716<\/a>","region","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A specific geographic area characterized by distinct climate conditions. (de)",""],["Q717<\/a>","regional climate messages","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Regional climate change impacts and projections tailored for specific geographic areas. (de)",""],["Q718<\/a>","regional climate model","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Climate models focusing on specific regions to provide detailed local climate projections. (de)",""],["Q719<\/a>","regional sea level change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in sea level varying regionally due to factors like ocean currents and land movement. (de)",""],["Q720<\/a>","regulation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Rules and standards governing behavior or practices to achieve specific outcomes. (de)",""],["Q721<\/a>","relative humidity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ratio of water vapor present in the air to the maximum possible at a given temperature. (de)",""],["Q722<\/a>","relative sea level change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in sea level relative to the land surface due to factors like land subsidence or uplift. (de)",""],["Q723<\/a>","remaining carbon budget","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The remaining allowable emissions to stay within a specified global warming limit. (de)",""],["Q724<\/a>","renewable energy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Energy derived from naturally replenished sources, such as sunlight or wind. (de)",""],["Q725<\/a>","reporting","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of compiling and presenting data or information for specific purposes. (de)",""],["Q726<\/a>","representative concentration pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Scenarios representing future greenhouse gas concentrations and their effects on climate. (de)",""],["Q727<\/a>","representative key risks","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Key risks identified as critical for planning and decision-making under climate change. (de)",""],["Q728<\/a>","reservoir","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A natural or artificial storage location for substances, such as carbon in forests or oceans. (de)",""],["Q729<\/a>","residual risk","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Risks that remain after risk reduction measures have been implemented. (de)",""],["Q730<\/a>","resilience","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The capacity of a system to absorb disturbances while retaining its basic function and structure. (de)",""],["Q731<\/a>","resolution","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The level of detail or granularity in data or model outputs. (de)",""],["Q732<\/a>","resource cascade","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The sequential use of resources through recycling and reuse to minimize waste. (de)",""],["Q733<\/a>","respiration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process by which organisms convert organic matter into energy, releasing carbon dioxide. (de)",""],["Q734<\/a>","response time or adjustment time","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The time it takes for a system to adjust to a new equilibrium after a disturbance. (de)",""],["Q735<\/a>","restoration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Activities restoring ecosystems to a more natural or healthy state. (de)",""],["Q736<\/a>","return period","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The average time between events of a particular magnitude occurring. (de)",""],["Q737<\/a>","return value","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The expected value of an extreme event, such as the 100-year flood level. (de)",""],["Q739<\/a>","risk assessment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of evaluating potential hazards and determining their likelihood and impacts. (de)",""],["Q740<\/a>","risk framework","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A framework outlining how risks are identified, assessed, and managed. (de)",""],["Q741<\/a>","risk management","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","",""],["Q742<\/a>","risk perception","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Individual perceptions and judgments of risks influenced by personal experiences and beliefs. (de)",""],["Q743<\/a>","risk trade-off","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Balancing risks against benefits when making decisions or taking actions. (de)",""],["Q744<\/a>","risk transfer","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The transfer of risk from one party to another through mechanisms like insurance. (de)",""],["Q745<\/a>","river discharge","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The volume of water flowing through a river channel over a specific period. (de)",""],["Q2294<\/a>","rock glacier","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A type of glacier containing significant amounts of rock debris, affecting movement and dynamics. (de)",""],["Q747<\/a>","runoff","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The runoff of water from land surfaces into streams, rivers, and lakes. (de)",""],["Q748<\/a>","salt-water intrusion\/encroachment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The intrusion of seawater into freshwater aquifers due to factors like sea level rise. (de)",""],["Q2295<\/a>","sampling uncertainty","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Uncertainty associated with the representativeness of sampled data. (de)",""],["Q1998<\/a>","scPDSI","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Self-Calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index (de)",""],["Q2296<\/a>","scenario storyline","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A plausible and internally consistent description of a potential future state or development. (de)",""],["Q2297<\/a>","sea ice area","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The total area covered by sea ice within a given region. (de)",""],["Q754<\/a>","sea ice concentration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The proportion of a given area covered by sea ice, influencing climate and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q755<\/a>","sea ice extent","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The spatial extent of sea ice coverage in polar regions, impacting climate and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q756<\/a>","sea level change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in average global sea level over time due to factors like thermal expansion and ice melt. (de)",""],["Q757<\/a>","sea level equivalent","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The equivalent amount of freshwater needed to match the weight of melted ice causing sea level rise. (de)",""],["Q758<\/a>","sea level rise","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The rise in average global sea level over time, influenced by climate change. (de)",""],["Q759<\/a>","sea surface temperature","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The temperature of the upper layer of the ocean's surface, influencing climate and weather patterns. (de)",""],["Q2298<\/a>","semi-arid zone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A region receiving low annual precipitation, prone to drought and desertification. (de)",""],["Q761<\/a>","semi-empirical model","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A model combining empirical relationships and physical understanding to project climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q762<\/a>","sendai framework for disaster risk reduction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A framework for reducing disaster risk, adopted in Sendai, Japan in 2015. (de)",""],["Q763<\/a>","sensible heat flux","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The flux of heat transferred by convection and conduction between Earth's surface and the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q764<\/a>","sensitivity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The degree of response of a system or variable to changes in external conditions. (de)",""],["Q765<\/a>","sequestration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide to mitigate climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q766<\/a>","sequestration potential","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The potential amount of carbon dioxide that can be stored in geological reservoirs. (de)",""],["Q2299<\/a>","service provisioning","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ability of ecosystems to provide resources and services to support human well-being. (de)",""],["Q768<\/a>","services","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Goods and benefits provided by ecosystems that contribute to human well-being. (de)",""],["Q769<\/a>","settlements","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Human settlements including towns, cities, and villages with specific socio-economic characteristics. (de)",""],["Q2300<\/a>","shared socio-economic pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A set of future socio-economic scenarios used in climate change impact assessments. (de)",""],["Q771<\/a>","sharing economy.","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A collaborative economic model focusing on sharing resources and assets. (de)",""],["Q2301<\/a>","shelf seas","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Coastal seas extending from the shoreline to the continental shelf, rich in marine life. (de)",""],["Q773<\/a>","shifting development pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changing pathways of socio-economic development to achieve sustainable outcomes. (de)",""],["Q774<\/a>","shifting development pathways to sustainability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Adaptive socio-economic pathways guiding development towards sustainability. (de)",""],["Q775<\/a>","short-lived climate forcers","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Gases with short atmospheric lifetimes influencing climate change over shorter timeframes. (de)",""],["Q776<\/a>","short-lived climate pollutants","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Pollutants with short atmospheric lifetimes contributing to climate change and air pollution. (de)",""],["Q2302<\/a>","significant wave height","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The average height of the highest third of waves in a given time period. (de)",""],["Q778<\/a>","simple climate model","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A simplified climate model focusing on key processes to assess climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q779<\/a>","sink","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A natural or artificial storage location for absorbing greenhouse gases, such as forests or oceans. (de)",""],["Q2303<\/a>","small island developing states","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Small island nations facing unique vulnerabilities to climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q2304<\/a>","smart grids","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Electrical grids incorporating digital technology to optimize energy distribution and consumption. (de)",""],["Q782<\/a>","snow cover","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The extent and duration of snow covering the ground, affecting climate and hydrology. (de)",""],["Q783<\/a>","snow cover duration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The duration of time that snow remains on the ground during a given period. (de)",""],["Q784<\/a>","snow cover extent","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The area covered by snow on the ground at a specific time, influencing climate and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q785<\/a>","snow water equivalent","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The amount of water contained within snowpack, impacting water availability and runoff. (de)",""],["Q2305<\/a>","social cost of carbon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The economic cost imposed by carbon emissions, accounting for damages caused by climate change. (de)",""],["Q787<\/a>","social costs","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Costs borne by society as a whole, including environmental and social impacts. (de)",""],["Q789<\/a>","social group","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A group of individuals with shared interests, characteristics, or social relations. (de)",""],["Q790<\/a>","social identity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Identification with a group based on cultural, social, or economic factors. (de)",""],["Q791<\/a>","social inclusion","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The inclusion of marginalized groups in decision-making processes and societal structures. (de)",""],["Q792<\/a>","social infrastructure","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Infrastructure supporting social services and community well-being, such as healthcare and education. (de)",""],["Q793<\/a>","social justice","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fairness and equity in the distribution of benefits and burdens in society. (de)",""],["Q794<\/a>","social learning","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through interaction with others and the environment. (de)",""],["Q795<\/a>","social protection","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Policies and programs providing financial and social support to vulnerable populations. (de)",""],["Q788<\/a>","social-ecological system","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Interactions between social systems and ecological systems, influencing resilience and sustainability. (de)",""],["Q796<\/a>","societal transformations","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fundamental changes in societal structures and norms towards sustainability and resilience. (de)",""],["Q797<\/a>","socio-economic scenario","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Scenarios depicting future socio-economic conditions and their implications for climate change. (de)",""],["Q798<\/a>","socio-technical transitions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Transitioning socio-technical systems towards sustainability through technological and social innovations. (de)",""],["Q2306<\/a>","soil carbon sequestration","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of storing carbon in soils through improved land management practices. (de)",""],["Q800<\/a>","soil erosion","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The erosion of topsoil by wind, water, or human activities, affecting soil fertility and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q801<\/a>","soil moisture","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The water content of soil, influencing plant growth, climate, and hydrological processes. (de)",""],["Q802<\/a>","soil organic carbon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Carbon stored in soil organic matter, contributing to carbon cycling and climate regulation. (de)",""],["Q803<\/a>","soil organic matter","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Organic matter in soil, influencing soil structure, fertility, and carbon storage. (de)",""],["Q804<\/a>","soil temperature","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The temperature of soil layers, affecting nutrient availability, plant growth, and microbial activity. (de)",""],["Q805<\/a>","solar activity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The activity of the sun influencing climate patterns and solar radiation reaching Earth's surface. (de)",""],["Q806<\/a>","solar cycle","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The 11-year cycle of solar activity affecting solar radiation and climate variability. (de)",""],["Q807<\/a>","solar energy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Energy derived from sunlight using technologies like photovoltaic cells or solar thermal systems. (de)",""],["Q808<\/a>","solar radiation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun, influencing Earth's climate and weather patterns. (de)",""],["Q809<\/a>","solar radiation modification","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Intentional modification of solar radiation reaching Earth's surface to mitigate climate change impacts. (de)",""],["Q810<\/a>","solubility pump","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process by which carbon dioxide dissolves in ocean surface waters and is transported to deeper layers. (de)",""],["Q811<\/a>","solution space","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The range of possible solutions or strategies available to address a problem or challenge. (de)",""],["Q812<\/a>","source","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The origin or cause of emissions or pollutants released into the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q813<\/a>","south american monsoon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A monsoon affecting South America, characterized by seasonal wind and precipitation patterns. (de)",""],["Q815<\/a>","south and south east asian monsoon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Monsoonal weather patterns affecting South and Southeast Asia, influencing regional climate and agriculture. (de)",""],["Q814<\/a>","south pacific convergence zone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A convergence zone in the South Pacific Ocean influencing climate and weather patterns. (de)",""],["Q816<\/a>","southern annular mode","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Variability in atmospheric circulation influencing weather and climate in the Southern Hemisphere. (de)",""],["Q817<\/a>","southern ocean","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The ocean surrounding Antarctica, playing a crucial role in global climate and ocean circulation. (de)",""],["Q2307<\/a>","spatial and temporal scales","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The spatial and temporal dimensions over which phenomena or processes occur. (de)",""],["Q819<\/a>","specific humidity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere relative to air temperature and pressure. (de)",""],["Q2308<\/a>","spill-over effect","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The unintended spread or transfer of effects from one area to another. (de)",""],["Q821<\/a>","stadial or stade","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A cold period during an interglacial period, affecting climate and ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q822<\/a>","standard","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A defined standard or level used for comparison or evaluation in scientific studies. (de)",""],["Q2309<\/a>","steric sea level change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in sea level due to thermal expansion, affecting coastal ecosystems and communities. (de)",""],["Q824<\/a>","storm surge","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An abnormal rise in sea level along coastlines due to weather events like storms or hurricanes. (de)",""],["Q825<\/a>","storm tracks","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Storm tracks are designated pathways in the atmosphere where storms develop and move, influenced by global wind patterns and atmospheric pressure systems, impacting regional weather and climate patterns. (de)",""],["Q826<\/a>","storyline","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Long-term paths or trajectories of development, change, or events in a narrative. (de)",""],["Q827<\/a>","stranded assets","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Assets losing value or becoming obsolete due to climate change impacts or policy changes. (de)",""],["Q828<\/a>","stratification","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The layering of water columns based on temperature and salinity, influencing marine ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q829<\/a>","stratosphere","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The layer of Earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, containing the ozone layer and influencing climate. (de)",""],["Q830<\/a>","stratosphere--troposphere exchange","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The exchange of air and substances between the stratosphere and troposphere, affecting atmospheric composition. (de)",""],["Q831<\/a>","stratospheric aerosol injection","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Injecting aerosols into the stratosphere to reflect sunlight and cool the Earth's surface. (de)",""],["Q832<\/a>","stratospheric ozone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The protective layer of ozone in the stratosphere, absorbing most of the sun's harmful ultraviolet (de)",""],["Q833<\/a>","stratospheric polar vortex","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A persistent wind pattern in the stratosphere over the polar regions. (de)",""],["Q834<\/a>","stratospheric sounding unit","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Instruments measuring atmospheric conditions in the stratosphere. (de)",""],["Q835<\/a>","streamflow","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The flow of water in rivers and streams. (de)",""],["Q836<\/a>","stressors","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Factors or pressures causing stress or strain on systems or individuals. (de)",""],["Q837<\/a>","subduction","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of one tectonic plate moving under another. (de)",""],["Q838<\/a>","subnational actors","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Subnational entities such as states or provinces with political power or influence. (de)",""],["Q839<\/a>","sudden stratospheric warming","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Rapid warming events in the stratosphere disrupting polar vortex patterns. (de)",""],["Q840<\/a>","sufficiency","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Meeting basic needs without exceeding environmental limits. (de)",""],["Q841<\/a>","sulphur hexafluoride","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A potent greenhouse gas used in electrical transmission equipment. (de)",""],["Q842<\/a>","sunspots","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Dark spots on the sun's surface linked to solar activity and climate. (de)",""],["Q843<\/a>","supply-side measures","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Measures targeting the production or supply of goods and services. (de)",""],["Q2310<\/a>","surface energy budget","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The balance between incoming and outgoing energy at Earth's surface. (de)",""],["Q845<\/a>","surface mass balance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The balance between accumulation and loss of snow and ice on Earth's surface. (de)",""],["Q846<\/a>","surprises","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Unexpected events or outcomes impacting climate or ecosystems. (de)",""],["Q847<\/a>","sustainability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The capacity to endure and thrive without compromising future generations. (de)",""],["Q849<\/a>","sustainable development","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations. (de)",""],["Q850<\/a>","sustainable development pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Pathways guiding development towards sustainability and resilience. (de)",""],["Q851<\/a>","sustainable forest management","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The responsible use and conservation of forests to meet current and future needs. (de)",""],["Q852<\/a>","sustainable intensification","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Practices aiming to increase agricultural productivity without degrading resources. (de)",""],["Q853<\/a>","sustainable land management","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Practices ensuring sustainable use and conservation of land resources. (de)",""],["Q2311<\/a>","swash","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The rush of seawater up a beach after a wave breaks. (de)",""],["Q855<\/a>","sympagic","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Associated with or occurring in sea ice habitats. (de)",""],["Q856<\/a>","systems of innovation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Systems promoting the development and adoption of new technologies and practices. (de)",""],["Q2092<\/a>","tCO2-FFI","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Tonne of carbon dioxide from Fossil Fuel combustion and Industrial processes (de)",""],["Q2091<\/a>","tCO2-eq","","","","","ipcc","Q940<\/a>","","","Tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent (de)",""],["Q2312<\/a>","talik","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A layer of unfrozen ground surrounded by permafrost. (de)",""],["Q2313<\/a>","technical potential","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The maximum achievable level of technology adoption under ideal conditions. (de)",""],["Q859<\/a>","technology deployment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of introducing and using new technologies in various sectors. (de)",""],["Q860<\/a>","technology diffusion","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The spread and adoption of technologies across different regions or sectors. (de)",""],["Q861<\/a>","technology transfer","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The transfer of technologies from one entity or region to another. (de)",""],["Q862<\/a>","teleconnection","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A large-scale atmospheric interaction linking distant regions. (de)",""],["Q863<\/a>","teleconnection pattern","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Patterns in teleconnections affecting weather and climate. (de)",""],["Q864<\/a>","temperature overshoot","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A temporary increase in global temperatures above desired targets. (de)",""],["Q865<\/a>","terrestrial radiation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Radiation emitted by Earth's surface into the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q866<\/a>","thermocline","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A boundary separating warm surface water from cold deep water in oceans. (de)",""],["Q867<\/a>","thermokarst","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Thawing of ice-rich permafrost leading to land subsidence and landscape changes. (de)",""],["Q868<\/a>","thermosteric sea level change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Changes in sea level due to variations in water temperature. (de)",""],["Q869<\/a>","tide gauge","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An instrument measuring sea level changes relative to a fixed point on land. (de)",""],["Q870<\/a>","tier","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A classification or level within a system or framework. (de)",""],["Q871<\/a>","time of emergence","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The time when a climate signal emerges from natural variability. (de)",""],["Q872<\/a>","tipping element","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Climate elements with the potential to cause abrupt and irreversible shifts. (de)",""],["Q873<\/a>","tipping point","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A critical threshold in a system triggering irreversible changes. (de)",""],["Q874<\/a>","top-of-atmosphere energy budget","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The balance of incoming and outgoing energy at the top of Earth's atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q875<\/a>","total alkalinity","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The measure of all dissolved bases in seawater. (de)",""],["Q876<\/a>","total carbon budget","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The total amount of carbon stored or emitted within a specified system. (de)",""],["Q877<\/a>","total solar irradiance","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The total solar power received per unit area at the top of the Earth's atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q878<\/a>","total water level","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The combined level of ocean, tidal, and storm surge water height. (de)",""],["Q2314<\/a>","trace gas","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Gases present in trace amounts in the atmosphere, influencing climate. (de)",""],["Q880<\/a>","trade-off","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A situation where one thing must be decreased to increase another. (de)",""],["Q881<\/a>","traditional biomass","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Biomass obtained from traditional practices like wood or charcoal burning. (de)",""],["Q882<\/a>","transformation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fundamental and irreversible changes in social, economic, and ecological systems. (de)",""],["Q883<\/a>","transformation pathways","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Pathways guiding societal transformations towards sustainability. (de)",""],["Q884<\/a>","transformational adaptation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Fundamental changes in societal structures and norms towards sustainability and resilience. (de)",""],["Q885<\/a>","transformative change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The equilibrium global surface temperature increase after doubling CO2 concentration. (de)",""],["Q886<\/a>","transient climate response","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The temperature increase caused by cumulative CO2 emissions over time. (de)",""],["Q887<\/a>","transient climate response to cumulative co2 emissions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A shift from one state to another, like from fossil fuels to renewable energy. (de)",""],["Q888<\/a>","transition","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The line on mountains marking the transition from tree growth to no trees. (de)",""],["Q889<\/a>","tree line","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Annual growth rings in tree trunks used to study past climates. (de)",""],["Q890<\/a>","tree rings","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Uncertainty associated with estimates of trends over time. (de)",""],["Q891<\/a>","trend estimates uncertainty","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Variability in Atlantic Ocean conditions affecting climate in tropical regions. (de)",""],["Q892<\/a>","tropical atlantic variability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A rotating storm system with low-pressure centers and strong winds. (de)",""],["Q893<\/a>","tropical cyclone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere. (de)",""],["Q894<\/a>","tropopause","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, where weather occurs. (de)",""],["Q895<\/a>","troposphere","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Ozone found in the troposphere, influencing air quality and climate. (de)",""],["Q896<\/a>","tropospheric ozone","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Large ocean waves caused by seismic activity or underwater eruptions. (de)",""],["Q2315<\/a>","tsunami","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Cold, treeless plains in the Arctic and Antarctic. (de)",""],["Q898<\/a>","tundra","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The average time a substance remains in a reservoir before being replaced. (de)",""],["Q899<\/a>","turnover time","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Regions classified by similar characteristics, such as climate and vegetation. (de)",""],["Q900<\/a>","typological regions","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Lack of certainty or predictability about the future state of the climate system. (de)",""],["Q2316<\/a>","uncertainty","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An international treaty combating desertification, adopted in 1994. (de)",""],["Q902<\/a>","united nations convention to combat desertification","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An international treaty addressing climate change, adopted in 1992. (de)",""],["Q903<\/a>","united nations framework convention on climate change","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The absorption or assimilation of a substance by another. (de)",""],["Q19<\/a>","unlikely","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","0\u201333% probability (Indicates the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result) (de)",""],["Q904<\/a>","uptake","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Areas where cold, nutrient-rich water rises towards the ocean surface. (de)",""],["Q905<\/a>","upwelling region","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Systems of cities interconnected by economic and social activities. (de)",""],["Q907<\/a>","urban","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Agricultural practices within urban and surrounding areas. (de)",""],["Q908<\/a>","urban and peri-urban agriculture","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The phenomenon where urban areas are significantly warmer than rural areas. (de)",""],["Q909<\/a>","urban heat island","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of urban growth and expansion. (de)",""],["Q906<\/a>","urban systems","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Characteristics related to cities, including population density and infrastructure. (de)",""],["Q910<\/a>","urbanisation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The process of urban growth and expansion. (de)",""],["Q911<\/a>","urbanization","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Core principles and convictions shaping individual and collective behavior. (de)",""],["Q2317<\/a>","values and beliefs","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Renewable energy sources that fluctuate based on natural factors like wind and sunlight. (de)",""],["Q2318<\/a>","variable renewable energy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Diseases transmitted by vectors such as mosquitoes or ticks. (de)",""],["Q914<\/a>","vector-borne disease","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The exchange of air between indoors and outdoors. (de)",""],["Q915<\/a>","ventilation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Confirmation that actions or processes meet specified criteria or standards. (de)",""],["Q916<\/a>","verification","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Vertical movement of land relative to sea level. (de)",""],["Q917<\/a>","vertical land motion","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Halogenated substances with short atmospheric lifetimes. (de)",""],["Q13<\/a>","very high confidence","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","Each finding is grounded in an evaluation of underlying evidence and agreement. The IPCC calibrated language uses five qualifiers to express a level of confidence (very low, low, medium, high and very high ) (de)",""],["Q15<\/a>","very likely","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","90\u2013100% probability (Indicates the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result) (de)",""],["Q8<\/a>","very low confidence","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","Each finding is grounded in an evaluation of underlying evidence and agreement. The IPCC calibrated language uses five qualifiers to express a level of confidence (very low, low, medium, high and very high ) (de)",""],["Q918<\/a>","very short-lived halogenated substances","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Organic chemicals that can easily vaporize into the atmosphere. (de)",""],["Q20<\/a>","very unlikely","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","0\u201310% probability (Indicates the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result) (de)",""],["Q14<\/a>","virtually certain","","","","","ipcc","Q9<\/a>","","","99\u2013100% probability (Indicates the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result) (de)",""],["Q919<\/a>","volatile organic compounds","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The susceptibility of a system to harm from exposure to stresses or hazards. (de)",""],["Q920<\/a>","vulnerability","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","An index assessing the susceptibility of a system to harm from hazards. (de)",""],["Q921<\/a>","vulnerability index","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A system of atmospheric circulation influencing weather patterns. (de)",""],["Q2319<\/a>","walker circulation","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Diseases transmitted through contaminated water sources. (de)",""],["Q924<\/a>","water cycle","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A body of water with uniform temperature and salinity. (de)",""],["Q925<\/a>","water mass","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The availability of reliable access to sufficient quantities of clean water. (de)",""],["Q926<\/a>","water security","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The efficiency of water use in achieving desired outcomes. (de)",""],["Q923<\/a>","water-borne diseases","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. (de)",""],["Q927<\/a>","water-use efficiency","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The increase in sea level due to wind stress and pressure differences. (de)",""],["Q928<\/a>","wave setup","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The breakdown of rocks and minerals by chemical, physical, and biological processes. (de)",""],["Q929<\/a>","weathering","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The state of being healthy, happy, and prosperous. (de)",""],["Q930<\/a>","well-being","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Gases like carbon dioxide that remain in the atmosphere for a long time, causing warming. (de)",""],["Q931<\/a>","well-mixed greenhouse gas","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A monsoon affecting West Africa, characterized by seasonal wind and precipitation patterns. (de)",""],["Q932<\/a>","west african monsoon","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Areas of land saturated with water, like swamps and marshes. (de)",""],["Q933<\/a>","wetland","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","Energy generated from wind using turbines. (de)",""],["Q934<\/a>","wind energy","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","A period of abrupt cooling during the Pleistocene Epoch. (de)",""],["Q935<\/a>","younger dryas","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The commitment to eliminate all greenhouse gas emissions. (de)",""],["Q936<\/a>","zero emissions commitment","","","","","ipcc","Q25<\/a>","","","The displacement of people from their homes or communities. (de)",""]]},"searchPanes":[],"searchPanesLog":[],"formattedOptions":{"columns":{"width":"","type":""},"keys":false,"responsive":true,"fixedHeader":false,"dom":"lfrtip","buttons":[],"scrollCollapse":false,"lengthMenu":[10,20,50,100,200],"pageLength":20,"pagingType":"full_numbers","displayStart":0,"stateSave":false,"searching":true,"scrollY":"","scrollX":false,"processing":false,"paging":true,"ordering":true,"lengthChange":true,"info":true,"deferRender":false,"autoWidth":false},"printoutsParametersOptions":[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]]}

IPCC Begriffe

ipcc Begriffe